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PORSCHE INTRODUCES NEW 911® TARGA
Legendary Sportscar Returns With Únique Sliding Glass RoofThe all-new 911 Targa shares the 3.6-liter, 320-horsepower engine, 911 Turbo-inspired front-end styling and interior enhancements wîth the redesigned 911 Carrera models that Porsche introduced for 2002. The larger engine makes these the most powerful normally aspirated 911 models ever offered in North America. In profile, the 911 Targa can be distinguished by its sharply tapered rear side glass. Drag coefficient is the same as the 911 Carrera Coupe – 0.30. The 2002 911 Targa expands on the concept of the previous model, which introduced a large power-operated sliding glass roof that slid under the rear window.
The biggest difference from the previous 911 Targa is that the rear window in the
new model is hinged to open, providing convenient access to the rear luggage compartment. In the 2002 911 Targa, folding the rear seatbacks down provides 8.1 cubic feet (230 liters) of cargo space, compared to 7.1 cubic feet (201 liters) in the 911 Carrera Coupe. The increase is due mainly to different interior trim to accommodate the glass roof.
Únique Sliding Glass RoofThe 2002 911 Targa offers a clear view of the sky through more than 16 square feet (1.5 square meters) of glass, more than any 911 model ever. Pressing one button activates two electric motors that quietly open the roof by nearly 20 inches, (0.5-meter), providing a roof opening of nearly 700 square inches (0.45 square meters), nearly twice the size of the 911 Carrera Coupe sunroof opening. The roof is made of the same pre-tensioned laminated safety glass as the windshield. When the glass roof opens, a wind deflector deploys at the leading edge, reducing turbulence and allowing open-air driving, even in colder weather. Porsche designed
the deflector to keep wind noise to about the same level as that of the 911 Carrera Coupe wîth sunroof. A cloth sunblind automatically extends out beneath the glass roof when closed to protect occupants from the sun's heat and glare (glass has ÚV tinting, too). The blind also provides an additional layer of insulation from cold weather.
The seatbelt anchors differ from those in the 911 Carrera Coupe and are located beneath the wider roof pillars. The roller housings are larger, wîth enough room for built-in lights that illuminate when the rear glass hatch is opened. The roof also opens remotely wîth a dedicated button on the key fob. In addition, the driver can open the roof and side windows wîth the remote control by holding down the door-unlock button for more than three seconds. Holding the lock button for more than three seconds closes the roof and windows.
The 2002 911 Targa is the first 911 to feature a rear hatch opening. The glass hatch opens either by the electric release located near the door sill or remotely
from the key fob. In either case, it requires only a slight lift, and then gas-pressure struts hidden behind the window trim open it the rest of the way. When the hatch is lowered, an automatic closer pulls it fully closed.
All 911 models for 2002 received structural enhancements. Porsche designed a unique upper body structure for the 911 Targa to ensure the strength and safety expected of any Porsche vehicle.Úsing an idea borrowed from the 911 Cabriolet, Porsche engineers reinforced the A-pillars internally using 1.2-inch (30-millimeter) thick high-strength steel tubes. In the 911 Targa, this extra steel reinforcement extends all the way back to the C-pillars and is welded to the body structure through junction plates. The B-pillars extend upward into the roof rails to provide optimal side strength. This Targa-specific engineering ensures torsional and flexing strength on par wîth the 911 Coupes.
The 911 Targa, which weighs about 150 pounds more than the 911 Carrera Coupe, features its own spring and shock absorber tuning to give it the same handling capability as that model. The additional weight has minimal impact on the car's performance: the 911 Targa accelerates from zero-to-62 mph (100 km/h) in just 5.2 seconds, compared to 5.0 seconds for the 911 Carrera Coupe.
For 2002, the 911 Carrera and Targa models keep their unmistakable 911 profile and adopt the headlight design of the 911 Turbo, plus a newly shaped front end and redesigned oval exhaust tailpipes. The new headlight design improves lighting performance. The optional Bi-Xenon headlights use high-intensity gas discharge bulbs for both the low and high beams.The design changes are not just cosmetic. The new front air intakes increase airflow to the radiators by 15 percent. Reshaping the radii of the front wheel arches and adding small, flexible spoilers ahead of the front wheels has reduced lift at the front by 25 percent and 40 percent at the rear. In addition, new air intake ducts enhance front brake cooling, and a new underfloor duct enhances transmission cooling by 20 percent.
Like the 911 Carrera models, the 911 Targa shares its instrument panel wîth the 911 Turbo. The standard onboard computer conveys information on an LCD display within the tachometer. In addition to information about fuel consumption and driving range, the computer can display engine oil level, outside temperature and 35 different warning messages in plain text.
The 911 Targa benefits from the same interior enhancements to the 2002 911 Carrera models, including a three-spoke sports §teering wheel and redesigned center vents. The remote entry system controls seat memory function when the optional power seats are ordered. The remote determines which of the four car keys is in use and transmits the information for driver's seat position and exterior mirrors to the memory control unit. Apart from the function provided by the four programmable keys, the driver can select two other seat positions via buttons to the left of the seat.The lockable glovebox and a cupholder integrated into the center dash add convenience, while matte surfaces for the switches enhance tactile quality. The optional Parking Assist wîth sensors integrated into the bumper covers can help prevent parking maneuver 'fender-benders' by sounding an audible alert as the car gets closer to an obstacle. The front trunk is equipped wîth an anti-entrapment release wîth internal handle, and the car keys feature a color Porsche crest.
All 2002 Porsche models feature light-emitting diode (LED) interior orientation lights. One LED provides gentle illumination of the cockpit and center console. An LED on the driver's side door handle illuminates the ignition lock and light switch, and an LED illuminates each door latch.
New for 2002, an optional Bose digital sound system combines balanced stereo, a panoramic sound stage, deep bass and smooth frequency response to produce lifelike music reproduction even in the challenging environment of a car interior. Digital amplifiers provide clean, uncolored sound at any listening level. In the 911 Targa, the 11 advanced loudspeakers, including a subwoofer, blend seamlessly into cabin trim, raising and widening the sound stage and ensuring balanced stereo.The optional Porsche Communication Management system (not available in Canada) integrates controls and displays for Global Positioning Satellite (GPS) navigation,
onboard computer, and climate control. A five-inch (diagonal) LCD color screen displays all functions.
Porsche increased displacement of the six-cylinder boxer engine in the normally aspirated 911 models from 3.4 liters to 3.6 liters. The larger displacement, along wîth other powerplant changes, has boosted horsepower to 320 (235 kW) from 300, increased torque and provided more powerful and smoother engine response. Although based on the 911 Carrera engine introduced in MY 1999, the engine in the 2002 models uses an entirely new spinning assembly (crankshaft, pistons and connecting rods). The stroke has been increased from 3.07 in. (78.0 mm) to 3.26 in. (82.8 mm), while bore remains the same at 3.78 inches (96.0 mm), increasing displacement from 206.7 cu. in. (3,387 cc) to 219.4 cu. in. (3,596 cc). Engine architecture remains the same. An aluminum cylinder block and heads make the engine light. Patented LOKASIL high-silicon cylinder liners help reduce friction and wear to such a level that Porsche can recommend a 15,000-mile (24,000 km) oil change interval and a 30,000-mile (48,000 km) oil filter change interval.
Aside from the displacement increase, the biggest change to the 911 engine is the adaptation of the VarioCam® Plus valve timing and lift system from the 911 Turbo. VarioCam Plus not only adjusts camshaft position to provide continuously adjustable valve timing, but incorporates two camshaft profiles and two sets of tappets to vary both valve lift and duration, as well. The new system helps broaden
and smooth out the torque curve while helping to reduce emissions. The dual-stage resonance air intake system – optimized for the larger displacement engine – also helps boost power and torque at midrange engine speeds. The 2002 911 engine produces 273 lb.-ft. (370 Nm) of peak torque at 4,250 rpm, wîth at least 236 lb.-ft. (320 Nm) available from 2,500-7,000 rpm and a midrange torque 'plateau' of at least 265 lb.-ft. (359 Nm) from 3,800-6,000 rpm.
Sequential multi-port fuel injection features separate fuel mixture control for each cylinder bank, and a coil-on-plug ignition system provides quick response and reliable operation. The ME 7.8 engine control module incorporates the E-Gas electronic throttle. In place of a traditional throttle cable setup, E-Gas electronically transmits pedal position to the engine control unit. Mufflers wîth less backpressure than those on 2001 911 models emit a more powerful sound through newly designed oval tailpipes.
The four-wheel independent suspension features a Porsche-optimized MacPherson-strut design in front and a multilink setup in the rear, both wîth aluminum suspension components to reduce unsprung weight. Front and rear stabilizer bars and gas-charged shock absorbers provide flatter cornering. Standard power rack-and pinion §teering yields a quick 2.98 turns lock-to-lock and a tight 34.8-ft. (10.6-meter) turning circle.
The standard 'Carrera II' aluminum alloy wheels measure 17 x 7 inches in front and mount 205/50 ZR17 tires; the 17 x 9-inch rear wheels mount 255/40 ZR17 tires. The optional 18-inch wheel/tire package further enhances the already sharp handling. The wheels measure 18 x 8 inches in front and 18 x 10 inches in the rear; tires are 225/40 ZR18 in front and 285/30 ZR18 in the rear.
The 911 Carrera Targa not only owes its name to Porsche racing heritage, but its brake technology, as well. The four-wheel vented disc brakes wîth ABS 5.3 anti-lock control are derived from the Porsche GT1 racecar. The 'monoblock' (one-piece) brake calipers reduce heat and unsprung weight.
The front discs measure 12.5 inches in diameter and 1.1-inch thick (318 mm x 28 mm). The rear discs measure nearly as large at 11.8 inches in diameter and 0.95-inch thick (299 mm x 24 mm). The cross-drilled discs dissipate heat to maintain braking performance and brake feel even under hard usage. (Porsche requires brakes to provide 25 consecutive full-force stops without fade.) The optional Porsche Stability Management system (PSM) can enhance handling under a variety of driving conditions. Úsing data from several sensor inputs, PSM can detect a loss of grip at the front or rear and reduce instability by applying braking to individual wheels and, if necessary, altering engine power.
On slippery roads, PSM can help keep the 911 Targa going in the direction the driver steers. The PSM system operates so quickly that most drivers likely will not feel the corrections. The driver can disengage PSM wîth a dashboard switch. However, for safety, PSM will engage under braking and then disengage whenever the driver lifts off the brake. While the system provides dynamic handling aid, Porsche cautions drivers that PSM cannot counteract the laws of physics.
Porsche offers a choice of two transmissions on the 2002 911 Targa: a precisely-shifting standard six-speed manual and the optional Tiptronic® S five-speed automatic. Porsche increased the torque capacity of the manual transmission for the more powerful 2002 911 models by using a stronger alloy steel on key components. In addition, the output shaft runs in three bearings instead of two, and the differential uses stronger bevel gears. As before, a dual-mass flywheel ensures low vibration, and a hydraulic clutch provides consistent performance.
For 2002, the 911 Carrera and Targa models adopt the Tiptronic S transmission from the 911 Turbo, which can handle greater torque output than the transmission used in the 2001 models. The lock-up torque converter and shifting programs have been specially tailored to the naturally aspirated engine.
With the advanced Tiptronic S, the driver can place the shift lever into 'D' and let the transmission do the shifting, or shift into 'M' and control gearshifts with
§teering wheel-mounted thumb switches.
Tiptronic S uses one of five programmed shift maps to respond to the driving style. For example, during leisurely driving, Tiptronic S will upshift early to provide a quiet ride and the best fuel efficiency. Quicker gas pedal action will call up a sporty shift program, which holds each gear longer for crisp response and power. The computer-controlled Tiptronic S responds like a driver working a manual transmission, downshifting or holding lower gears when cornering and driving on hills. Tiptronic S also allows the driver to select manual mode by pressing an up- or downshift button, even wîth the shift lever in the 'D' position.
With the high performance potential and open-air driving pleasure of the 911 Targa comes a high level of occupant protection. A patented crumple zone body structure protects the reinforced passenger compartment. New seatbelt pretensioners and load limiters supplement the three-point inertia-reel seatbelts in all 911 models for 2002. All new Porsche models include dual front airbags plus the Porsche Side Impact Protection System that includes boron-steel door reinforcement beams, energy-absorbing door panels, and door-mounted side airbags. The 30-liter capacity sidebags provide additional protection for the chest, head, and pelvis, as standard equipment.
At a customer's request, a Ú.S. Porsche dealer can install a system that deactivates the passenger front and side airbags when a Porsche-approved child seat is used. The system features a cross brace wîth belt lock in front of the passenger seat. Buckling the special child seat into this brace deactivates the
airbags. To install the system, the dealer also must reprogram the airbag control module.
The first Porsche 911 Targa model presented a truly innovative approach to open-air motoring when it was introduced to North American customers in 1967. (Porsche did not introduce a 911 Cabriolet model until 1984). Before introducing the first 911 coupe model in 1965, Porsche had traditionally sold a large proportion of open cars. Porsche designed the 911 Targa model so the company could offer an open-air car in the event that new safety regulations eliminated true convertibles.
The first 911 Targa featured a large, removable hard roof section over the doors. A stainless-steel-covered structural hoop over the mid-section of the car provided
both additional body reinforcement and a unique (and often imitated) design element. Behind the hoop, a soft roof section folded down under a tonneau cover. For 1968, buyers could choose a fixed, wraparound glass rear window on the 911 Targa, and this became the standard design for 1972. While over the years similar roof designs have been called 'targa roofs,' the name Targa as it applies to automobiles is a Porsche-owned trademark.
The 911 Carrera Targa model continued wîth this body configuration until 1993. By then, the popularity of the 911 Cabriolet had reduced demand for the original roof concept of the 911 Targa. Porsche engineers accepted the challenge of inventing a new body style to appeal to the sizeable portion of 911 buyers who still wanted something in between a sunroof and a true convertible. Their answer arrived as the sliding glass roof for the 1996 911 Targa, a concept enhanced for the all-new 2002 model.
Though the word 'Targa' translates into 'shield,' the name was not derived from the car's roof design. Rather, the name stems from Sicily's classic Targa Florio ('shield of Florio') road race, first run in 1906. Porsche cars had enjoyed much
success in the Targa Florio in the 1960s and 1970s, winning several times in dedicated racecars. A Porsche 911 Carrera RSR won the last 'original' Targa Florio race in 1973. Today, a historic Targa Florio race runs through Sicily. Interestingly, a racecar designed by Ferdinand Porsche called 'Sascha' won a class victory in the 1922 Targa Florio.
Porsche Cars North America offers customers in the Únited States and Canada the opportunity to personalize their cars through two option-selection channels. Together wîth the choice of limited-availability special paint colors, the special
options allow a customer to make a Porsche into a truly one-of-a-kind car. The Porsche Exclusive program offers a wide array of optional features installed at the factory. Options include custom interior trim packages and individual trim items. The Porsche four-year/50,000-mile (80,000-kilometer) bumper-to-bumper warranty covers all Exclusive options, and Porsche dealers can include the cost
of the options in the lease or finance contract.
The Tequipment® ('Tech-quipment') program offers a line of accessories available only from authorized Porsche dealers. Tequipment options include such items as special wheels, a new-for-2002 aerobody kit, instrument panel trim kits, CD changers and custom floormats. Customers can order Tequipment options at the time of purchase or return to the dealership for installation later. While installation of Tequipment may require some modifications to the car, such modifications do not affect the car's standard limited warranty. Tequipment items come wîth a two-year warranty when installed by a certified technician at an authorized Porsche dealership.
In addition to the limited-availability special paint colors, Porsche will even paint a 911 Targa to match a sample from the customer. The Porsche 26-step corrosion protection and paint process ensures that the custom paintwork meets the same quality standards as a regular production paint color. The Porsche three-year/unlimited mileage paint finish and 10-year/unlimited mileage corrosion perforation warranties apply to any custom color.
Every new model-year 2002 Porsche car sold in the Únited States and Canada is covered by a four-year/50,000-mile (80,000 kilometer), bumper-to-bumper limited warranty, which includes Porsche's roadside assistance program. The galvanized body and 26-step paint and anti-corrosion process enable Porsche to warrant each car against rust perforation for 10 years wîth unlimited mileage. In addition, Porsche guarantees the paint finish for three years – also without a mileage limitation.
Porsche Cars North America, Inc., (PCNA), based in Atlanta, Georgia, is the exclusive importer of Porsche cars for the Únited States. A wholly owned subsidiary of Dr. Ing. h. c. F. Porsche AG, PCNA employs some 200 people who provide Porsche vehicles, parts, marketing and training for its 205 dealers in North America.Source - Porsche
The legendary Porsche 911 is the longest production run sports car of all time. It was conceived as a successor for the highly successful Porsche 356 and from the start had high aspirations for success. Ferry Porsche's son, Ferdinand Alexander Porsche, designed the 911. When it went into production it was labeled the 901 but Peugeot had claims to the name, so to avoid infringing on their naming scheme, it was changed to 911. As a result, only a few Porsches used the 901 name.
901
The Porsche 901, the forerunner for the famous 911, was the first 'new' vehicle Porsche had ever produced.
Prior to the 901, there was the 356. This vehicle had lived a relatively long lifespan and was nearing its end, both in mechanical capabilities and in appeal. Many variations of the 356 had appeared during its production-run, most improvements where mechanical with very few visual improvements. Albeit, the 356 was a very beautiful car and improvements to its design were not necessary.
In the Mid-1950's, the Porsche company began producing prototypes for the successor of the 356. The result was a vehicle built on the same unitary structure used for the 356 but with a new front suspension, front disc brakes, and a six-cylinder engine.
The Porsche 901 was introduced to the public in 1963 at the Frankfurt Motorshow. The silhouette body was available only in fixed-head coupe form. In 1967 a Targa bodystyle became available featuring a removable center roof section. The 1991 cc flat-six engine was air-cooled. It's 2-litre capacity was the same as its predecessor. The six-cylinder engine was chosen over the four to allow more room for growth and improvement in the future. Two Solex carburetors aided in the 130 horsepower output and was capable of a 130 mph top speed.
912
The Porsche 912 was similar in design to the 911 and eased the transition from the 356 to the 911. In comparison with the 911, the 912 had fewer amenities, less power, and weighed about 250 pounds less. A 5-speed gearbox was matted to a detuned 356-based 4-cylinder engine that produced 64 horsepower. The engine was mounted in the rear and powered the rear transaxle. Disc brakes and independent suspension with torsion bars gave the car excellent and impressive handling. The Recaro seats kept the driver planted and the rack-and-pinion steering was very responsive. For an additional cost, the owner could have air-conditioning, rear window wiper, halogen fog lights, electric sunroof, and/or three-point seatbelts.
The 912 came in both the coupe and targa flavors with the coupe being the more popular. About 2562 of the 34,959 912's were targas.
The 912 was offered to the public in 1965 and stayed in production until 1969 when the mid-engined 914 was introduced. Due to its low cost, it easily outsold the more powerful 911's during the first few years. In
1967, the 912 was awarded Car and Driver's 'Readers Choice' for its class. During that same year a 912, driven by Sobieslaw Zasada of Poland, won the European Rally Championship.
At the end of the 914 production in late 1975, a version of the 912, dubbed the 912E, was introduced. Internally, the vehicle was labeled the Type 923. The 'E' stood for 'Einspritzung', in German meaning 'fuel injection'. It was powered by a 2-liter, 914-derived fuel-injected engine and had had Bosch L-jetronic fuel injection and an air pump. It used the 911 body, but has smaller wheels and tires and non-vented brake rotors. The fuel-efficient engine, rising fuel costs, and lower speed limits made the 912E a safe-buy. After 2099 examples were produced, the 924 entered the scene. The 912E was the last air-cooled four-cylinder vehicle produced by Porsche.
During its production run that include the 912 and 912E, nearly 35,000 examples were produced. It had achieved victory in the racing world, served as European police cars, and was featured in the movie 'Spy Games' staring Robert Redford and Brad Pitt.
911 Targa
In 1965 the Targa was introduced. This was an open version of the 911. The Name Targa came from a road race in Sicily named 'Targa Florio'. Targa also meant 'Shield' used to describe the rollbar. The rear window could fold down while the panel between windshield and rollbar could be lifted off creating an open version of the 911.
911 S
In 1966 the 911 S was introduced as a better equipped and more powerful version of the standard 911. It featured engine modifications that resulted in 30 extra horsepower. The chassis was modified and bigger brakes were installed. An extra 5 pounds was saved from each corner of the car by using Fuch alloy wheels.
To increase sales, the 911 T was added to the line-up in 1967. This version had a de-tuned six-cylinder engine and produced 110 horsepower. It appealed to many buyers due to its attractive price, selling at a reduced cost from the base 911. Also in 1967, the 911S received ventilated disc brakes on all four corners.
In 1968, the Porsche 911S was no longer being exported to the United States due to new emissions and government standards and regulations. Porsche introduced a 911 L as a replacement which was basically a 911 S without the engine modifications. In 1969, the 911 S was once again allowed into the United States.
In 1969 the 911 E, the base model, was available with 140 horsepower for the United States and 160 horsepower for the European market. The 911 T had 125 horsepower on tap from the six-cylinder engine while the 911 S was available in the United States with 170 horsepower. The European version featured even more horsepower, rated at 190. A five-speed manual gearbox was introduced.
In 1970 the engine bore was enlarged by 4mm and increased the engine capacity to 2165 cc. This made the six-cylinder engine more powerful. The 911T was rated at 125 horsepower, the 911 E was rated 155 horsepower while the 911S was now producing 180 horsepower.
During the 1970 model year, a performance version of the 911S was created by removing amenities and using light-weight material wherever possible. Aluminum was used on the bumper and engine-lid, the interior received light-weight seats, and the door handles were replaced with cords. The result was a 1840 pounds street legal race car.
In 1972 a spoiler was standard on the 911 S but was optional on the 911 E and 911 T. In 1973, due to popularity, the spoiler became standard on all 911 models. The stroke of the engine was increased giving the engine a 2.4 liter displacement.
Carrera RS
In 1973, Porsche wanted to compete in GT competition. In order to qualify, the manufacturer had to satisfy homologation rules for the Group 4 GT class that stated that 500 examples needed to be produced and sold to the public. Porsche knew that it would be difficult to sell 500 race cars so they built street legal race cars and kept the sticker price low. The RS was an immediate popular and at the end of the production run, 1636 examples were produced. Due to the successful sales, the RS was reclassified as a Group 3 series-production GT which required at least 1000 examples be produced.
The RS was stripped of nonessential amenities to save weight. A thin-gauge body steel and fiberglass was used for most of the vehicles but the supply ran short and at least 300 cars were outfitted with the normal-weight body parts. When compared with the stock 911S, the RS using the thin-gauge steel weighed 330 pounds less.
Wider aluminum wheels, Bilstein shocks, and modified sway bars gave the RS extra handling advantages. A rear spoiler was molded into the engine cover giving the RS the nickname 'ducktail'. This gave the vehicle extra down-force at speed and aided in stability. Other distinguishing features of the RS was its name painted, typically in green, black, red or blue, above the rocker panels. The engine was a modified version of the Porsche 911 2.4 engine. It featured a bigger bore that resulted in greater displacement and horsepower.
Carrera RSR 3.0
The RSR 3.0 had 20 extra horsepower than the 2.7 version. It had a large front spoiler, large rectangular air intake, 9 inch rear wheels, and 8 inch front wheels. Since the thing-gauge body steel supply had been depleted and larger items had been placed on the RSR vehicle, the vehicle weighed 180 kg more than the 2.7. All this meant that the RSR was not much quicker than the 2.7. However, it did have better road-handling due to the wider tires.
During its production lifespan only 109 examples were produced with 60 outfitted as road going machines.
911 Weissach
The 911 SC Weissach, produced only in 1980, was a limited edition design and only 400 units were constructed (Some sources states 406. In either case, a small amount were constructed and even fewer are known to exist today). All were sold to the United States. 200 were painted in Pongee Beige Metallic while the remaining 200 received a metallic charcoal gray color. The interior had red/burgundy carpet and beige leather seats. An RS wing was placed in the rear while the front received a new spoiler. All of the 911 SC Weissach's were coupes, had normally aspirated engines, and were fitted with the 903 body. They were sold at a price of $32,000, a high price at the time.
911
In 1973 the 911E, 911T, and 911S used a 2.4 liter six-cylinder engine. In 1974 the Carrera name was added to the line-up and represented the performance option. The 911S became the middle model with its performance and trim equivalent to the former 911E.
The Carrera was distinguished by its many exterior components colored in black. For example, the door handles, wipers, and window frames were black.
In 1974 the Porsche 911 Turbo was introduced and is credited as being the world's first production turbocharged sports car. Using a 3.0 liter engine and equipped with a turbocharger, it was capable of producing 290 horsepower.
In 1976, the Carrera was outfitted with the 3.0 liter engine and produced 200 horsepower.
In 1978, there were only two options available for the 911, the Turbo and the SC. The 911 SC used the 3.0 liter engine because it was more reliable and offered more opportunity for tuning in the future. the 3.0 liter engine was rated at 180 horsepower. The 2.7 liter engine was no longer used. When compared to the 1977 Carrera 3.0, the SC was more luxurious but had less horsepower. The luxury items added to the overall weight of the vehicle which decreased the performance. Still, the 911 SC was an extremely popular car. The 911 Turbo received a 3.3 liter engine and was able to produce 300 horsepower.
In 1979 the 911 SC's engine received modifications increasing the horsepower rating to 188 while improving fuel economy by 10 percent.
In 1980 the entire 911 model-line receive extra power except those slated for exportation to the United States. The 911 SC was now producing 204 horsepower.
At the 1981 Frankfurt Auto Show Porsche introduced a four-wheel drive cabriolet version of the 911. A year later, the cabriolet went on sale as optional equipment on the 911 SC. It was the first cabriolet for Porsche since the 356.
In 1984 the 911 SC 3.0 engine was replaced by the new Carrera with a 3.2 engine. The 911 Tubro and 911 Carrera were the only bodystyles available however could be ordered in coupe, cabriolet or Targa options. The Carrera was better than its 911 SC predecessor. It offered more luxury and power, and better brakes. The 3.2 Liter engine was used until the 1989 model year. It was replaced by a 3.6 liter version.
The 1988 the turbo became standard with a five-speed manual gearbox.
In 1989 Porsche introduced the Carrera 3.2 Speedster. The top could fold to the back and be placed beneath a fiberglass cover. The Speedster was void of most electrical options including power seats which made it lighter than the standard car. In total, there were 2065 Speedsters production, 1894 with the turbo-look. The Turbo look gave the vehicle an aggressive stance but it also added weight to the vehicle. It was, however, a very popular option.
911 Carrera CS
The limited-edition 911 Carrera CS, meaning Club Sport, was introduced in 1987. This version was meant for the race track. This light-weight version was void of amenities and equipped with only the essential items. The CS is distinguished from other 911's by its red wheels and bright graphics. Most were painted in 'Grand-Prix' white and all were coupes, except for one specially-built Targa. At the end of the Carrera CS production run, 340 examples were produced.
Carrera 2 and 4
In 1989 the 911 was given a 3.6 liter engine, new suspension, new transmission, self-adjusting spoiler, plastic aerodynamic bumpers, and new brakes. It was over 80% different when compared to the previous year. The big news for this year was the introduction of the Carrera 4, a four-wheel drive version of the 911.
The 1989 Porsche 911 received major improvements in the performance and handling department. At speeds greater than 50 mph, the rear spoiler would fold out and improving stability. The bigger brakes gave the 911 better stopping power while the suspension held the car in place as it would go through sharp turns.
In 1990 the Carrera 2 and Carrera 4 could be purchased in Cabriolet, Targa and Coupe body-styles. A Tiptronic transmission was introduced which is a gearbox that does not require a clutch. The Tiptronic allows the driver to shift manually or have the system automatically shift.
Carrera RS
In 1990 Porsche introduced the Carrera RS series. It featured a modified version of the Carrera engine now producing 260 horsepower. It had Recaro seats and light-weight material. The interior was void of non-essential items. An aluminum hood, light-weight doors and windows, and various other methods and materials were used to make the vehicle as light as possible. There was an RS touring option which included a few items to make the vehicle more road worthy. In total 2051 Carrera RS models were created with 76 being equipped with the touring option.
Carrera RS America
In 1993, Porsche created a light-weight, limited edition, performance version of the 911 Carrera. It was dubbed the RS America. The year 1993 was selected because it commemorated the 20th Anniversary of the 911 Carrera RS. 'RS' is German for 'Renn Sport' or 'Race Sport'.
The Carrera RS was conceived in 1973 but only available to the European market. The United States had strict safety, emission, and government regulations that made it impossible for the original RS to be sold in America. The 1993 Carrera RS was built to satisfy European regulation while a limited were built for the American regulations. The ones that made it to America were labeled 'RS America.'
The RS America was lightweight, contained little luxury features, and highly-modified performance options. The M030 sports suspension package, 17 inch wheels, larger diameter front stabilizer bar, and modified shock absorbers were just a few of the modifications to the 911. By using weight reduction, refinements in the steering, suspension, tires and wheels, the 911 RS America was a high performance racing car.
The RS in America was very successful. What was only intended to last for 1993, rolled into the 1994 model year. Vehicles that were sold during 1993 have 'PS' in their VIN numbers, while the 1994 versions have 'RS'. The 1994 models have rear seats while the 1993 versions have dual-storage bins.
The RS is distinguished from other 911's by a 'RS' decal located in front of each rear wheel well and an RS America rear deck lid emblem. A large spoiler, commonly referred to as a 'whaletale', was fixed to the rear of the vehicle. Various versions of the 911 had a spoiler that was motor-driven and deployed and stowed at various vehicle speeds.
993
In 1994 the next generation of the Porsche 911 was introduced and only available in coupe form. Internally it was dubbed the 993. Aesthetically and mechanically, the vehicle was different from its previous versions. The upright headlights were removed; it received a front wing, wider fenders, 16 inch wheels, and new bumpers. Under the hood, the 3.6 liter engine was modified to produce 260 horsepower. A six-speed manual gearbox was all new. The chassis size was increased giving 20% extra interior room. Major improvements were done to the interior giving it new seats, new steering wheel, and making the console, buttons and gauges more driver-friendly.
In 1995 a Targa was introduced. But the big news was in 1996 when a Turbo, Carrera 4S, RS, and RS Club Sport became available.
996
In 1998 the next generation of the Porsche 911, the 996 was introduced. A 296 horsepower, water-cooled engine was all new. The new engine was more powerful, fuel efficient, and offered better performance even though it was smaller in size. The length of the car was increased; a new suspension, headlights, and styling modifications have been adapted throughout the vehicle.
Shortly after the introduction of the next generation 911, a cabriolet version became available. Instead of the top being folded on-top of the bodywork, it now folded into it.
Conclusion
Since its introduction in 1963 to the present, the 911 has stood the test of time both on the race track and in owner's garages. It is one of the few designs that have had such a long history. It has been offered in over 50 different forms including rear wheel, 4wd, cabriolet, Targa, coupe, Speedsters, light weight, club sport, RS, anniversary editions, limited editions, and multiple other options, designs, and features. The 911 has set and raised the bar in terms of technology, performance, design, and handling.
By Daniel Vaughan | Aug 2006
For more information and related vehicles, click here901
The Porsche 901, the forerunner for the famous 911, was the first 'new' vehicle Porsche had ever produced.
Prior to the 901, there was the 356. This vehicle had lived a relatively long lifespan and was nearing its end, both in mechanical capabilities and in appeal. Many variations of the 356 had appeared during its production-run, most improvements where mechanical with very few visual improvements. Albeit, the 356 was a very beautiful car and improvements to its design were not necessary.
In the Mid-1950's, the Porsche company began producing prototypes for the successor of the 356. The result was a vehicle built on the same unitary structure used for the 356 but with a new front suspension, front disc brakes, and a six-cylinder engine.
The Porsche 901 was introduced to the public in 1963 at the Frankfurt Motorshow. The silhouette body was available only in fixed-head coupe form. In 1967 a Targa bodystyle became available featuring a removable center roof section. The 1991 cc flat-six engine was air-cooled. It's 2-litre capacity was the same as its predecessor. The six-cylinder engine was chosen over the four to allow more room for growth and improvement in the future. Two Solex carburetors aided in the 130 horsepower output and was capable of a 130 mph top speed.
912
The Porsche 912 was similar in design to the 911 and eased the transition from the 356 to the 911. In comparison with the 911, the 912 had fewer amenities, less power, and weighed about 250 pounds less. A 5-speed gearbox was matted to a detuned 356-based 4-cylinder engine that produced 64 horsepower. The engine was mounted in the rear and powered the rear transaxle. Disc brakes and independent suspension with torsion bars gave the car excellent and impressive handling. The Recaro seats kept the driver planted and the rack-and-pinion steering was very responsive. For an additional cost, the owner could have air-conditioning, rear window wiper, halogen fog lights, electric sunroof, and/or three-point seatbelts.
The 912 came in both the coupe and targa flavors with the coupe being the more popular. About 2562 of the 34,959 912's were targas.
The 912 was offered to the public in 1965 and stayed in production until 1969 when the mid-engined 914 was introduced. Due to its low cost, it easily outsold the more powerful 911's during the first few years. In
1967, the 912 was awarded Car and Driver's 'Readers Choice' for its class. During that same year a 912, driven by Sobieslaw Zasada of Poland, won the European Rally Championship.
At the end of the 914 production in late 1975, a version of the 912, dubbed the 912E, was introduced. Internally, the vehicle was labeled the Type 923. The 'E' stood for 'Einspritzung', in German meaning 'fuel injection'. It was powered by a 2-liter, 914-derived fuel-injected engine and had had Bosch L-jetronic fuel injection and an air pump. It used the 911 body, but has smaller wheels and tires and non-vented brake rotors. The fuel-efficient engine, rising fuel costs, and lower speed limits made the 912E a safe-buy. After 2099 examples were produced, the 924 entered the scene. The 912E was the last air-cooled four-cylinder vehicle produced by Porsche.
During its production run that include the 912 and 912E, nearly 35,000 examples were produced. It had achieved victory in the racing world, served as European police cars, and was featured in the movie 'Spy Games' staring Robert Redford and Brad Pitt.
911 Targa
In 1965 the Targa was introduced. This was an open version of the 911. The Name Targa came from a road race in Sicily named 'Targa Florio'. Targa also meant 'Shield' used to describe the rollbar. The rear window could fold down while the panel between windshield and rollbar could be lifted off creating an open version of the 911.
911 S
In 1966 the 911 S was introduced as a better equipped and more powerful version of the standard 911. It featured engine modifications that resulted in 30 extra horsepower. The chassis was modified and bigger brakes were installed. An extra 5 pounds was saved from each corner of the car by using Fuch alloy wheels.
To increase sales, the 911 T was added to the line-up in 1967. This version had a de-tuned six-cylinder engine and produced 110 horsepower. It appealed to many buyers due to its attractive price, selling at a reduced cost from the base 911. Also in 1967, the 911S received ventilated disc brakes on all four corners.
In 1968, the Porsche 911S was no longer being exported to the United States due to new emissions and government standards and regulations. Porsche introduced a 911 L as a replacement which was basically a 911 S without the engine modifications. In 1969, the 911 S was once again allowed into the United States.
In 1969 the 911 E, the base model, was available with 140 horsepower for the United States and 160 horsepower for the European market. The 911 T had 125 horsepower on tap from the six-cylinder engine while the 911 S was available in the United States with 170 horsepower. The European version featured even more horsepower, rated at 190. A five-speed manual gearbox was introduced.
In 1970 the engine bore was enlarged by 4mm and increased the engine capacity to 2165 cc. This made the six-cylinder engine more powerful. The 911T was rated at 125 horsepower, the 911 E was rated 155 horsepower while the 911S was now producing 180 horsepower.
During the 1970 model year, a performance version of the 911S was created by removing amenities and using light-weight material wherever possible. Aluminum was used on the bumper and engine-lid, the interior received light-weight seats, and the door handles were replaced with cords. The result was a 1840 pounds street legal race car.
In 1972 a spoiler was standard on the 911 S but was optional on the 911 E and 911 T. In 1973, due to popularity, the spoiler became standard on all 911 models. The stroke of the engine was increased giving the engine a 2.4 liter displacement.
Carrera RS
In 1973, Porsche wanted to compete in GT competition. In order to qualify, the manufacturer had to satisfy homologation rules for the Group 4 GT class that stated that 500 examples needed to be produced and sold to the public. Porsche knew that it would be difficult to sell 500 race cars so they built street legal race cars and kept the sticker price low. The RS was an immediate popular and at the end of the production run, 1636 examples were produced. Due to the successful sales, the RS was reclassified as a Group 3 series-production GT which required at least 1000 examples be produced.
The RS was stripped of nonessential amenities to save weight. A thin-gauge body steel and fiberglass was used for most of the vehicles but the supply ran short and at least 300 cars were outfitted with the normal-weight body parts. When compared with the stock 911S, the RS using the thin-gauge steel weighed 330 pounds less.
Wider aluminum wheels, Bilstein shocks, and modified sway bars gave the RS extra handling advantages. A rear spoiler was molded into the engine cover giving the RS the nickname 'ducktail'. This gave the vehicle extra down-force at speed and aided in stability. Other distinguishing features of the RS was its name painted, typically in green, black, red or blue, above the rocker panels. The engine was a modified version of the Porsche 911 2.4 engine. It featured a bigger bore that resulted in greater displacement and horsepower.
Carrera RSR 3.0
The RSR 3.0 had 20 extra horsepower than the 2.7 version. It had a large front spoiler, large rectangular air intake, 9 inch rear wheels, and 8 inch front wheels. Since the thing-gauge body steel supply had been depleted and larger items had been placed on the RSR vehicle, the vehicle weighed 180 kg more than the 2.7. All this meant that the RSR was not much quicker than the 2.7. However, it did have better road-handling due to the wider tires.
During its production lifespan only 109 examples were produced with 60 outfitted as road going machines.
911 Weissach
The 911 SC Weissach, produced only in 1980, was a limited edition design and only 400 units were constructed (Some sources states 406. In either case, a small amount were constructed and even fewer are known to exist today). All were sold to the United States. 200 were painted in Pongee Beige Metallic while the remaining 200 received a metallic charcoal gray color. The interior had red/burgundy carpet and beige leather seats. An RS wing was placed in the rear while the front received a new spoiler. All of the 911 SC Weissach's were coupes, had normally aspirated engines, and were fitted with the 903 body. They were sold at a price of $32,000, a high price at the time.
911
In 1973 the 911E, 911T, and 911S used a 2.4 liter six-cylinder engine. In 1974 the Carrera name was added to the line-up and represented the performance option. The 911S became the middle model with its performance and trim equivalent to the former 911E.
The Carrera was distinguished by its many exterior components colored in black. For example, the door handles, wipers, and window frames were black.
In 1974 the Porsche 911 Turbo was introduced and is credited as being the world's first production turbocharged sports car. Using a 3.0 liter engine and equipped with a turbocharger, it was capable of producing 290 horsepower.
In 1976, the Carrera was outfitted with the 3.0 liter engine and produced 200 horsepower.
In 1978, there were only two options available for the 911, the Turbo and the SC. The 911 SC used the 3.0 liter engine because it was more reliable and offered more opportunity for tuning in the future. the 3.0 liter engine was rated at 180 horsepower. The 2.7 liter engine was no longer used. When compared to the 1977 Carrera 3.0, the SC was more luxurious but had less horsepower. The luxury items added to the overall weight of the vehicle which decreased the performance. Still, the 911 SC was an extremely popular car. The 911 Turbo received a 3.3 liter engine and was able to produce 300 horsepower.
In 1979 the 911 SC's engine received modifications increasing the horsepower rating to 188 while improving fuel economy by 10 percent.
In 1980 the entire 911 model-line receive extra power except those slated for exportation to the United States. The 911 SC was now producing 204 horsepower.
At the 1981 Frankfurt Auto Show Porsche introduced a four-wheel drive cabriolet version of the 911. A year later, the cabriolet went on sale as optional equipment on the 911 SC. It was the first cabriolet for Porsche since the 356.
In 1984 the 911 SC 3.0 engine was replaced by the new Carrera with a 3.2 engine. The 911 Tubro and 911 Carrera were the only bodystyles available however could be ordered in coupe, cabriolet or Targa options. The Carrera was better than its 911 SC predecessor. It offered more luxury and power, and better brakes. The 3.2 Liter engine was used until the 1989 model year. It was replaced by a 3.6 liter version.
The 1988 the turbo became standard with a five-speed manual gearbox.
In 1989 Porsche introduced the Carrera 3.2 Speedster. The top could fold to the back and be placed beneath a fiberglass cover. The Speedster was void of most electrical options including power seats which made it lighter than the standard car. In total, there were 2065 Speedsters production, 1894 with the turbo-look. The Turbo look gave the vehicle an aggressive stance but it also added weight to the vehicle. It was, however, a very popular option.
911 Carrera CS
The limited-edition 911 Carrera CS, meaning Club Sport, was introduced in 1987. This version was meant for the race track. This light-weight version was void of amenities and equipped with only the essential items. The CS is distinguished from other 911's by its red wheels and bright graphics. Most were painted in 'Grand-Prix' white and all were coupes, except for one specially-built Targa. At the end of the Carrera CS production run, 340 examples were produced.
Carrera 2 and 4
In 1989 the 911 was given a 3.6 liter engine, new suspension, new transmission, self-adjusting spoiler, plastic aerodynamic bumpers, and new brakes. It was over 80% different when compared to the previous year. The big news for this year was the introduction of the Carrera 4, a four-wheel drive version of the 911.
The 1989 Porsche 911 received major improvements in the performance and handling department. At speeds greater than 50 mph, the rear spoiler would fold out and improving stability. The bigger brakes gave the 911 better stopping power while the suspension held the car in place as it would go through sharp turns.
In 1990 the Carrera 2 and Carrera 4 could be purchased in Cabriolet, Targa and Coupe body-styles. A Tiptronic transmission was introduced which is a gearbox that does not require a clutch. The Tiptronic allows the driver to shift manually or have the system automatically shift.
Carrera RS
In 1990 Porsche introduced the Carrera RS series. It featured a modified version of the Carrera engine now producing 260 horsepower. It had Recaro seats and light-weight material. The interior was void of non-essential items. An aluminum hood, light-weight doors and windows, and various other methods and materials were used to make the vehicle as light as possible. There was an RS touring option which included a few items to make the vehicle more road worthy. In total 2051 Carrera RS models were created with 76 being equipped with the touring option.
Carrera RS America
In 1993, Porsche created a light-weight, limited edition, performance version of the 911 Carrera. It was dubbed the RS America. The year 1993 was selected because it commemorated the 20th Anniversary of the 911 Carrera RS. 'RS' is German for 'Renn Sport' or 'Race Sport'.
The Carrera RS was conceived in 1973 but only available to the European market. The United States had strict safety, emission, and government regulations that made it impossible for the original RS to be sold in America. The 1993 Carrera RS was built to satisfy European regulation while a limited were built for the American regulations. The ones that made it to America were labeled 'RS America.'
The RS America was lightweight, contained little luxury features, and highly-modified performance options. The M030 sports suspension package, 17 inch wheels, larger diameter front stabilizer bar, and modified shock absorbers were just a few of the modifications to the 911. By using weight reduction, refinements in the steering, suspension, tires and wheels, the 911 RS America was a high performance racing car.
The RS in America was very successful. What was only intended to last for 1993, rolled into the 1994 model year. Vehicles that were sold during 1993 have 'PS' in their VIN numbers, while the 1994 versions have 'RS'. The 1994 models have rear seats while the 1993 versions have dual-storage bins.
The RS is distinguished from other 911's by a 'RS' decal located in front of each rear wheel well and an RS America rear deck lid emblem. A large spoiler, commonly referred to as a 'whaletale', was fixed to the rear of the vehicle. Various versions of the 911 had a spoiler that was motor-driven and deployed and stowed at various vehicle speeds.
993
In 1994 the next generation of the Porsche 911 was introduced and only available in coupe form. Internally it was dubbed the 993. Aesthetically and mechanically, the vehicle was different from its previous versions. The upright headlights were removed; it received a front wing, wider fenders, 16 inch wheels, and new bumpers. Under the hood, the 3.6 liter engine was modified to produce 260 horsepower. A six-speed manual gearbox was all new. The chassis size was increased giving 20% extra interior room. Major improvements were done to the interior giving it new seats, new steering wheel, and making the console, buttons and gauges more driver-friendly.
In 1995 a Targa was introduced. But the big news was in 1996 when a Turbo, Carrera 4S, RS, and RS Club Sport became available.
996
In 1998 the next generation of the Porsche 911, the 996 was introduced. A 296 horsepower, water-cooled engine was all new. The new engine was more powerful, fuel efficient, and offered better performance even though it was smaller in size. The length of the car was increased; a new suspension, headlights, and styling modifications have been adapted throughout the vehicle.
Shortly after the introduction of the next generation 911, a cabriolet version became available. Instead of the top being folded on-top of the bodywork, it now folded into it.
Conclusion
Since its introduction in 1963 to the present, the 911 has stood the test of time both on the race track and in owner's garages. It is one of the few designs that have had such a long history. It has been offered in over 50 different forms including rear wheel, 4wd, cabriolet, Targa, coupe, Speedsters, light weight, club sport, RS, anniversary editions, limited editions, and multiple other options, designs, and features. The 911 has set and raised the bar in terms of technology, performance, design, and handling.
By Daniel Vaughan | Aug 2006
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 2002
Porsche
models |
| Porsche 911 Carrera |
| Porsche 911 GT2 |
| Porsche 911 Turbo |
| Porsche 996 GT3 |
| Porsche Boxster |
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| Porsche: 2001-2010 |
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| 2002 Detroit MI |
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| 356 550/718 Sports Racing Cars 597 904 | 906 907 908 911 | 912 914 917 924 | 928 934/935 944 956 and 962 | 968 Boxster Carrera GT Cayenne | Cayman GT3 Panamera Type 959 |
| 2001 911 Turbo | 2001 911 GT2 | 2001 Sportec 911 Turbo Stage 4 | 2001 911 Carrera | 2001 996 | 2003 911 |
