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PORSCHE ADDS POWER AND REFINEMENTS TO 2002 911® TURBO
ATLANTA – Porsche last year introduced an all-new 911® Turbo wîth a 415-horsepower twin-turbo engine, advanced all-wheel drive and exclusive styling. For 2002, Porsche offers an optional engine enhancement performance package to boost horsepower from 415 to 450. As well as offering more power, the Turbo's standard equipment list also expands wîth a Bose® high-end digital audio system and other additonal luxury features. In addition, the 911 Turbo adds new front seat belt pretensioners and force limiters to its extensive roster of safety technology, and the trunk now includes an anti-entrapment release wîth internal handle.'The 911 Turbo has become a modern sportscar legend and remains a performance and technology benchmark,' said Frederick J. Schwab, president and CEO, Porsche Cars North America. A racecar-derived 3.6-liter, twin-turbo six-cylinder engine gives the 2002 911 Turbo staggering performance capability. The engine produces 415 horsepower (309 kW) @ 6,000 rpm and sustains 415 lb.-ft. (560 Nm) of peak torque from 2,700-4,600 rpm. Power drives through a standard six-speed manual transmission. (posted on conceptcarz.com) The new-generation model was the first 911 Turbo to offer the
advanced Tiptronic S five-speed automatic transmission as an option.
Porsche builds the 911 Turbo on the all-wheel drive 911 Carrera® 4 platform, a practice it began wîth the previous-generation 911 Turbo in 1996. All-wheel drive, the Porsche Stability Management system (PSM), and 18-inch wheels combine to make the new-generation 911 Turbo the best-handling version in the model's history.
With power characteristics of a far larger engine, the 911 Turbo can accelerate from zero-to-62 mph (0-100 km/h) in just 4.2 seconds. On the test track, the 911 Turbo will sprint from a standstill to 100 mph (160 km/h) in only 9.2 seconds and can achieve a top speed of 189 mph (305 km/h).The 911 Turbo adds an optional engine enhancement performance package that increases horsepower to 450 (331 kW) @ 5,700 rpm and sustains 457 lb.-ft (620 Nm) of peak torque from 3,500 – 4,500 rpm. The new package includes modifications to the turbo charger, air intake cooler, electronic control unit, exhaust system and a strengthened transmission. (posted on conceptcarz.com) This option cannot be retrofitted to the standard 2001 and 2002 911 Turbo.
The 911 Turbo features the new Bose system as standard equipment, while other Porsche models offer a Bose system as an option. Each Bose audio system has been custom-engineered for a particular Porsche model.
The new Bose automotive music systems combine balanced stereo, a panoramic soundstage, deep bass and smooth frequency response to produce lifelike music reproduction even in the challenging environment of a car. Digital amplifiers provide clean, uncolored sound at any listening level. In the 911 Turbo, 12 advanced loudspeakers and a subwoofer blend seamlessly into cabin trim, raising and widening the sound stage and ensuring balanced stereo.Porsche designed the 911 Turbo not only for high performance, but to provide long-distance comfort, as well. In line wîth that mission, the car adds several new comfort and convenience features for 2002, including auto-dimming inside and outside mirrors wîth integrated rain sensor windshield wipers. Other interior changes include redesigned center vents and matte-surface switches, which improve
tactile feel. A new lockable glovebox adds to interior storage. The center dash gains an integral cupholder. The car keys now have a color Porsche Crest®.
While the new-generation 911 Turbo inspired the front-end redesign of the 2002 911 Carrera, the 911 Turbo retains many exclusive body parts and design elements. Three large intake grills dominate the lower front fascia and provide cooling air to the car's three radiators. Compared to the 911 Carrera models, the 911 Turbo has a wider stance, particularly at the rear, where the 911 Turbo is 2.6 inches (65 mm) wider to accommodate the standard 18-inch alloy wheels and massive 295/30 ZR18 tires.
Air scoops integrated into the leading edges of the rear fenders channel air to the turbocharger intercoolers, while louvers in the sides of the lower rear coverexhaust air from the intercoolers. The engine compartment lid carries a two-piece rear stabilizer wing, the upper part of which automatically raises at speeds above 75 mph (120 km/h) and lowers at 50 mph (80 km/h).
In addition to the standard Bose digital audio system, the 911 Turbo adds several luxury features over and above the standard equipment on the 911 Carrera models, including full-power adjustable leather seats for the driver and passenger (with driver's side memory). The 911 Turbo also comes wîth a standard programmable remote entry and security system wîth alarm and immobilizer. The driver can control
the seat memory and open the luggage compartment wîth the remote control. In addition, customers may choose one of the metallic paint options at no extra cost.
The 911 Turbo engine is based directly on the 3.6-liter engine from the GT1 racecar that won the 24 Hours of Le Mans in 1998. (The engine is not a turbocharged version of the new 3.6-liter unit used in the 2002 911 Carrera models.) To accommodate the high boost pressure produced by its dual turbochargers, the engine features a 9.4-to-1 compression ratio, compared to 11.3-to-1 for the 911 Carrera models.
Intake air enters through louvers in the engine lid, flows into a joint air filterhousing and then into the turbochargers. The turbos compress the air to a maximum of 11.76 psi (0.8 bar over atmosphere). From the turbos, the intake air flows through dual intercoolers (one mounted in each rear fender) and then into the induction system.
Like all current Porsche engines, the 911 Turbo features double overhead camshafts and four valves per cylinder. The new-generation 911 Turbo introduced a new version of the Porsche VarioCam® valve timing system. Called VarioCam Plus, the new system provides continuously adjustable valve timing by using two camshaft profiles and two sets of tappets to vary both valve lift and duration. The system helps boost low-end and mid-range torque. Dual valve springs ensure reliable, high-performance operation.
Sequential multi-port fuel injection features separate fuel mixture control for each cylinder bank and a coil-on-plug ('distributorless') ignition system provides quick response and reliable operation. The ME 7.8 engine control module incorporates the E-Gas electronic throttle. In place of a conventional throttle cable setup, E-Gas electronically transmits pedal position to the engine control unit. The new system provides even sharper throttle response and ensures low emissions. The current-generation 911 Turbo uses an all-wheel drive system based on a viscous multi-plate clutch located directly behind the front differential. Weighing just 120 pounds (54 kg), the all-wheel drive system in the 911 Turbo qualifies as one of the lightest such systems in the . The all-wheel drive system directs torque to the front wheels at a rate of five-to-40 percent, depending on available traction and power applied. The viscous unit compensates for differing wheel speeds during cornering. The 911 Turbo exhibits outstanding traction on all road surfaces. However, Porsche did not intend the all-wheel drive system as an all-weather traction assistant.
The four-wheel independent suspension features a Porsche-optimized MacPherson-strut design in front and a multilink setup in the rear, both wîth aluminum suspension components to reduce unsprung weight. Front and rear stabilizer bars and gas-charged shock absorbers provide flatter cornering. Standard power rack-and pinion §teering yields a quick 2.98 turns lock-to-lock and a tight 34.8-ft. (10.6-meter) turning circle.A 'staggered' wheel/tire array (wider wheels and wider, lower-profile tires on the rear) contributes to neutral handling. The standard aluminum alloy wheels measure 18 x 8 inches in front and mount 225/40 ZR18 tires; the 18 x 11-inch rear wheels mount 295/30 ZR18 tires.
The 2002 911 Turbo employs the four-wheel vented disc brakes derived from the Porsche GT1 racecar. One-piece ('monoblock'), four-piston brake calipers reduce unsprung weight and improve heat dissipation. The front and rear discs measure 13.0 inches in diameter (330 mm), but differ in thickness – 1.34-inch (34 mm) in front and 1.1-inch (28 mm) in the rear. The cross-drilled discs dissipate heat to maintain braking performance and brake feel even under hard usage.
Porsche equips the 2002 911 Turbo wîth the Porsche Stability Management system (PSM), an innovation the automaker first introduced on the 1999 911 Carrera 4. Úsing data from several sensor inputs, PSM can detect a loss of grip at the front or rear and reduce instability by applying braking to individual wheels and, if necessary, altering engine power. PSM can help keep the 911 Turbo going in the direction the driver steers, especially on slippery roads.
The PSM system operates so quickly that most drivers likely will not feel it making corrections, and the system operates whether or not the driver is using the brakes. The driver can disengage PSM wîth a dashboard switch, but, for safety, PSM will engage under braking and then disengage when the driver lifts off the brake. While the system provides dynamic handling aid, Porsche cautions drivers that PSM cannot counteract the laws of physics.
The 911 Turbo offers a choice between a precise-shifting standard six-speed manual transmission or the optional Tiptronic S five-speed automatic transmission. (posted on conceptcarz.com) The six-speed manual features a dual-mass flywheel for low vibration and a hydraulic clutch for consistent performance. With the advanced Tiptronic S, the driver can place the shift lever into 'D' and let the transmission do the shifting, or shift into 'M' and control gearshifts wîth §teering wheel-mounted thumb switches.
In automatic mode, Tiptronic S uses infinitely variable shift points to respond to the driving circumstances and the driving style. During leisurely driving, Tiptronic S will upshift early to provide a quiet ride and the best fuel efficiency.
With quicker gas pedal action, the transmission responds by raising shift points to hold each gear longer for crisp response and power. The Tiptronic S transmission draws from among 250 different shift maps to provide optimal performance at all times.
Even while in automatic mode, the computer-controlled Tiptronic S responds like a driver working a manual transmission, downshifting or holding lower gears when cornering and driving on hills. Tiptronic S allows the driver to select manual mode
by pressing an up- or downshift button, even wîth the shift lever in the 'D' position.
With the high performance potential of the 911 Turbo comes a high level of occupant protection. A patented crumple zone body structure protects a reinforced passenger compartment. Supplementing the three-point inertia-reel seatbelts, the 911 Turbo gains new seatbelt pretensioners and load limiters for 2002. All Porsche for 2002 models include dual front airbags plus the Porsche Side Impact Protection System that includes boron-steel door reinforcement beams, energy-absorbing door panels, and door-mounted side airbags. The 30-litercapacity sidebags provide additional protection for the chest, head, and pelvis.
At a customer's request, a Ú.S. Porsche dealer can install a system that deactivates the passenger airbags when a Ú.S. Porsche-approved child seat is used. The system features a cross brace wîth belt lock in front of the passenger seat.
Buckling the special child seat into this brace deactivates the airbags. To install
the system, the dealer also must reprogram the airbag control module.
The 911 Turbo comes equipped wîth a full slate of standard luxury and security features:
• Anti-theft system wîth engine immobilizer and alarm
• Automatic climate control wîth dust/pollen and activated charcoal odor filters
• Bi-xenon headlights (xenon high-intensity discharge lights for the low and
high beams)
• Bose digital audio system wîth six-channel amplifier and 12 speakers
• Heated power sideview mirrors
• Heated windshield washer nozzles
• Leather-covered telescoping three-spoke §teering wheel wîth Porsche Crest
• Metallic paint
• Power opening for the luggage and engine compartment lids
• Power sunroof
• Power windows wîth one-touch up/down
• Power-adjustable full leather seats wîth driver's seat memory
• Programmable remote locking system
• Trip computer
The remote entry system allows the driver to open the luggage compartment lid
and operate the seat memory function.
Porsche Cars North America offers customers in the Únited States and Canada the opportunity to personalize their cars through two option-selection channels. Together wîth the choice of limited-availability special paint colors, the special
options allow a customer to make a Porsche into a truly one-of-a-kind car. The Porsche Exclusive program offers a wide array of optional features installed at the factory. Options include custom interior trim packages and individual trim items. The Porsche four-year/50,000 mile bumper-to-bumper warranty covers all Exclusive options, and Porsche dealers can include the cost of the options in the
lease or finance contract.
The Tequipment® ('Tech-quipment') program offers a line of accessories available
only from authorized Porsche dealers. Tequipment options include such items as special wheels, a new-for-2002 aerobody kit, instrument panel trim kits, CD changers, and custom floormats. Customers can order Tequipment options at the time of purchase or return to the dealership for installation later. While installation of Tequipment may require some modifications to the car, such modifications do not affect the standard limited warranty. Tequipment items come wîth a two-year warranty when installed by a certified technician at an authorized Porsche dealership.
In addition to the limited-availability special paint colors, Porsche will even paint a 911 Carrera to match a sample from the customer. The Porsche 26-step
corrosion protection and paint process ensures that the custom paintwork meets the same quality standards as a regular production paint color. The Porsche three-year/unlimited mileage paint finish and 10-year/unlimited mileage corrosion perforation warranties apply to any custom color.
Porsche began using turbochargers in the 917 racecar in the early 1970s and introduced its first 911 Turbo model in 1974. The 911 Turbo arrived in the Únited
States for model-year 1976, and wîth its 234-horsepower engine (Ú.S.-spec) could achieve 0-60 miles per hour in 5.5 seconds. From the beginning, Porsche designed the 911 Turbo as a fully equipped grand touring car wîth a high level of standard luxury features.
Porsche introduced innovations that increased the reliability of turbocharging, including the exhaust wastegate to regulate boost pressure and intercoolers to reduce the temperature of the compressed intake air. Porsche pioneered the all-wheel drive supercar wîth the limited production 959 of the mid-1980s. Although not imported to North America, the turbocharged 959 became a Porsche legend and paved the way for the first standard-production all-wheel drive Porsche 911 Turbo, which arrived in the Ú.S. for 1996. Every new model-year 2002 Porsche car sold in the Únited States and Canada is covered by a four-year/50,000-mile (80,000 kilometer), bumper-to-bumper limited warranty, which includes Porsche's roadside assistance program. The galvanized body and 26-step paint and anti-corrosion process enable Porsche to warrant each car against rust perforation for 10 years and unlimited mileage.
In addition, Porsche guarantees the paint finish for three years – also without a
mileage limitation. Porsche Cars North America, Inc., (PCNA), based in Atlanta, Georgia, is the exclusive importer of Porsche cars for the Únited States. A wholly owned subsidiary of Dr. Ing. h. c. F. Porsche AG, PCNA employs some 200 people who
provide Porsche vehicles, parts, marketing and training for its 205 dealers in North America. They, in turn, provide Porsche owners wîth best-in-class service.Source - Porsche
The legendary Porsche 911 is the longest production run sports car of all time. It was conceived as a successor for the highly successful Porsche 356 and from the start had high aspirations for success. Ferry Porsche's son, Ferdinand Alexander Porsche, designed the 911. When it went into production it was labeled the 901 but Peugeot had claims to the name, so to avoid infringing on their naming scheme, it was changed to 911. As a result, only a few Porsches used the 901 name.
901
The Porsche 901, the forerunner for the famous 911, was the first 'new' vehicle Porsche had ever produced.
Prior to the 901, there was the 356. This vehicle had lived a relatively long lifespan and was nearing its end, both in mechanical capabilities and in appeal. Many variations of the 356 had appeared during its production-run, most improvements where mechanical with very few visual improvements. Albeit, the 356 was a very beautiful car and improvements to its design were not necessary.
In the Mid-1950's, the Porsche company began producing prototypes for the successor of the 356. The result was a vehicle built on the same unitary structure used for the 356 but with a new front suspension, front disc brakes, and a six-cylinder engine.
The Porsche 901 was introduced to the public in 1963 at the Frankfurt Motorshow. The silhouette body was available only in fixed-head coupe form. In 1967 a Targa bodystyle became available featuring a removable center roof section. The 1991 cc flat-six engine was air-cooled. It's 2-litre capacity was the same as its predecessor. The six-cylinder engine was chosen over the four to allow more room for growth and improvement in the future. Two Solex carburetors aided in the 130 horsepower output and was capable of a 130 mph top speed.
912
The Porsche 912 was similar in design to the 911 and eased the transition from the 356 to the 911. In comparison with the 911, the 912 had fewer amenities, less power, and weighed about 250 pounds less. A 5-speed gearbox was matted to a detuned 356-based 4-cylinder engine that produced 64 horsepower. The engine was mounted in the rear and powered the rear transaxle. Disc brakes and independent suspension with torsion bars gave the car excellent and impressive handling. The Recaro seats kept the driver planted and the rack-and-pinion steering was very responsive. For an additional cost, the owner could have air-conditioning, rear window wiper, halogen fog lights, electric sunroof, and/or three-point seatbelts.
The 912 came in both the coupe and targa flavors with the coupe being the more popular. About 2562 of the 34,959 912's were targas.
The 912 was offered to the public in 1965 and stayed in production until 1969 when the mid-engined 914 was introduced. Due to its low cost, it easily outsold the more powerful 911's during the first few years. In
1967, the 912 was awarded Car and Driver's 'Readers Choice' for its class. During that same year a 912, driven by Sobieslaw Zasada of Poland, won the European Rally Championship.
At the end of the 914 production in late 1975, a version of the 912, dubbed the 912E, was introduced. Internally, the vehicle was labeled the Type 923. The 'E' stood for 'Einspritzung', in German meaning 'fuel injection'. It was powered by a 2-liter, 914-derived fuel-injected engine and had had Bosch L-jetronic fuel injection and an air pump. It used the 911 body, but has smaller wheels and tires and non-vented brake rotors. The fuel-efficient engine, rising fuel costs, and lower speed limits made the 912E a safe-buy. After 2099 examples were produced, the 924 entered the scene. The 912E was the last air-cooled four-cylinder vehicle produced by Porsche.
During its production run that include the 912 and 912E, nearly 35,000 examples were produced. It had achieved victory in the racing world, served as European police cars, and was featured in the movie 'Spy Games' staring Robert Redford and Brad Pitt.
911 Targa
In 1965 the Targa was introduced. This was an open version of the 911. The Name Targa came from a road race in Sicily named 'Targa Florio'. Targa also meant 'Shield' used to describe the rollbar. The rear window could fold down while the panel between windshield and rollbar could be lifted off creating an open version of the 911.
911 S
In 1966 the 911 S was introduced as a better equipped and more powerful version of the standard 911. It featured engine modifications that resulted in 30 extra horsepower. The chassis was modified and bigger brakes were installed. An extra 5 pounds was saved from each corner of the car by using Fuch alloy wheels.
To increase sales, the 911 T was added to the line-up in 1967. This version had a de-tuned six-cylinder engine and produced 110 horsepower. It appealed to many buyers due to its attractive price, selling at a reduced cost from the base 911. Also in 1967, the 911S received ventilated disc brakes on all four corners.
In 1968, the Porsche 911S was no longer being exported to the United States due to new emissions and government standards and regulations. Porsche introduced a 911 L as a replacement which was basically a 911 S without the engine modifications. In 1969, the 911 S was once again allowed into the United States.
In 1969 the 911 E, the base model, was available with 140 horsepower for the United States and 160 horsepower for the European market. The 911 T had 125 horsepower on tap from the six-cylinder engine while the 911 S was available in the United States with 170 horsepower. The European version featured even more horsepower, rated at 190. A five-speed manual gearbox was introduced.
In 1970 the engine bore was enlarged by 4mm and increased the engine capacity to 2165 cc. This made the six-cylinder engine more powerful. The 911T was rated at 125 horsepower, the 911 E was rated 155 horsepower while the 911S was now producing 180 horsepower.
During the 1970 model year, a performance version of the 911S was created by removing amenities and using light-weight material wherever possible. Aluminum was used on the bumper and engine-lid, the interior received light-weight seats, and the door handles were replaced with cords. The result was a 1840 pounds street legal race car.
In 1972 a spoiler was standard on the 911 S but was optional on the 911 E and 911 T. In 1973, due to popularity, the spoiler became standard on all 911 models. The stroke of the engine was increased giving the engine a 2.4 liter displacement.
Carrera RS
In 1973, Porsche wanted to compete in GT competition. In order to qualify, the manufacturer had to satisfy homologation rules for the Group 4 GT class that stated that 500 examples needed to be produced and sold to the public. Porsche knew that it would be difficult to sell 500 race cars so they built street legal race cars and kept the sticker price low. The RS was an immediate popular and at the end of the production run, 1636 examples were produced. Due to the successful sales, the RS was reclassified as a Group 3 series-production GT which required at least 1000 examples be produced.
The RS was stripped of nonessential amenities to save weight. A thin-gauge body steel and fiberglass was used for most of the vehicles but the supply ran short and at least 300 cars were outfitted with the normal-weight body parts. When compared with the stock 911S, the RS using the thin-gauge steel weighed 330 pounds less.
Wider aluminum wheels, Bilstein shocks, and modified sway bars gave the RS extra handling advantages. A rear spoiler was molded into the engine cover giving the RS the nickname 'ducktail'. This gave the vehicle extra down-force at speed and aided in stability. Other distinguishing features of the RS was its name painted, typically in green, black, red or blue, above the rocker panels. The engine was a modified version of the Porsche 911 2.4 engine. It featured a bigger bore that resulted in greater displacement and horsepower.
Carrera RSR 3.0
The RSR 3.0 had 20 extra horsepower than the 2.7 version. It had a large front spoiler, large rectangular air intake, 9 inch rear wheels, and 8 inch front wheels. Since the thing-gauge body steel supply had been depleted and larger items had been placed on the RSR vehicle, the vehicle weighed 180 kg more than the 2.7. All this meant that the RSR was not much quicker than the 2.7. However, it did have better road-handling due to the wider tires.
During its production lifespan only 109 examples were produced with 60 outfitted as road going machines.
911 Weissach
The 911 SC Weissach, produced only in 1980, was a limited edition design and only 400 units were constructed (Some sources states 406. In either case, a small amount were constructed and even fewer are known to exist today). All were sold to the United States. 200 were painted in Pongee Beige Metallic while the remaining 200 received a metallic charcoal gray color. The interior had red/burgundy carpet and beige leather seats. An RS wing was placed in the rear while the front received a new spoiler. All of the 911 SC Weissach's were coupes, had normally aspirated engines, and were fitted with the 903 body. They were sold at a price of $32,000, a high price at the time.
911
In 1973 the 911E, 911T, and 911S used a 2.4 liter six-cylinder engine. In 1974 the Carrera name was added to the line-up and represented the performance option. The 911S became the middle model with its performance and trim equivalent to the former 911E.
The Carrera was distinguished by its many exterior components colored in black. For example, the door handles, wipers, and window frames were black.
In 1974 the Porsche 911 Turbo was introduced and is credited as being the world's first production turbocharged sports car. Using a 3.0 liter engine and equipped with a turbocharger, it was capable of producing 290 horsepower.
In 1976, the Carrera was outfitted with the 3.0 liter engine and produced 200 horsepower.
In 1978, there were only two options available for the 911, the Turbo and the SC. The 911 SC used the 3.0 liter engine because it was more reliable and offered more opportunity for tuning in the future. the 3.0 liter engine was rated at 180 horsepower. The 2.7 liter engine was no longer used. When compared to the 1977 Carrera 3.0, the SC was more luxurious but had less horsepower. The luxury items added to the overall weight of the vehicle which decreased the performance. Still, the 911 SC was an extremely popular car. The 911 Turbo received a 3.3 liter engine and was able to produce 300 horsepower.
In 1979 the 911 SC's engine received modifications increasing the horsepower rating to 188 while improving fuel economy by 10 percent.
In 1980 the entire 911 model-line receive extra power except those slated for exportation to the United States. The 911 SC was now producing 204 horsepower.
At the 1981 Frankfurt Auto Show Porsche introduced a four-wheel drive cabriolet version of the 911. A year later, the cabriolet went on sale as optional equipment on the 911 SC. It was the first cabriolet for Porsche since the 356.
In 1984 the 911 SC 3.0 engine was replaced by the new Carrera with a 3.2 engine. The 911 Tubro and 911 Carrera were the only bodystyles available however could be ordered in coupe, cabriolet or Targa options. The Carrera was better than its 911 SC predecessor. It offered more luxury and power, and better brakes. The 3.2 Liter engine was used until the 1989 model year. It was replaced by a 3.6 liter version.
The 1988 the turbo became standard with a five-speed manual gearbox.
In 1989 Porsche introduced the Carrera 3.2 Speedster. The top could fold to the back and be placed beneath a fiberglass cover. The Speedster was void of most electrical options including power seats which made it lighter than the standard car. In total, there were 2065 Speedsters production, 1894 with the turbo-look. The Turbo look gave the vehicle an aggressive stance but it also added weight to the vehicle. It was, however, a very popular option.
911 Carrera CS
The limited-edition 911 Carrera CS, meaning Club Sport, was introduced in 1987. This version was meant for the race track. This light-weight version was void of amenities and equipped with only the essential items. The CS is distinguished from other 911's by its red wheels and bright graphics. Most were painted in 'Grand-Prix' white and all were coupes, except for one specially-built Targa. At the end of the Carrera CS production run, 340 examples were produced.
Carrera 2 and 4
In 1989 the 911 was given a 3.6 liter engine, new suspension, new transmission, self-adjusting spoiler, plastic aerodynamic bumpers, and new brakes. It was over 80% different when compared to the previous year. The big news for this year was the introduction of the Carrera 4, a four-wheel drive version of the 911.
The 1989 Porsche 911 received major improvements in the performance and handling department. At speeds greater than 50 mph, the rear spoiler would fold out and improving stability. The bigger brakes gave the 911 better stopping power while the suspension held the car in place as it would go through sharp turns.
In 1990 the Carrera 2 and Carrera 4 could be purchased in Cabriolet, Targa and Coupe body-styles. A Tiptronic transmission was introduced which is a gearbox that does not require a clutch. The Tiptronic allows the driver to shift manually or have the system automatically shift.
Carrera RS
In 1990 Porsche introduced the Carrera RS series. It featured a modified version of the Carrera engine now producing 260 horsepower. It had Recaro seats and light-weight material. The interior was void of non-essential items. An aluminum hood, light-weight doors and windows, and various other methods and materials were used to make the vehicle as light as possible. There was an RS touring option which included a few items to make the vehicle more road worthy. In total 2051 Carrera RS models were created with 76 being equipped with the touring option.
Carrera RS America
In 1993, Porsche created a light-weight, limited edition, performance version of the 911 Carrera. It was dubbed the RS America. The year 1993 was selected because it commemorated the 20th Anniversary of the 911 Carrera RS. 'RS' is German for 'Renn Sport' or 'Race Sport'.
The Carrera RS was conceived in 1973 but only available to the European market. The United States had strict safety, emission, and government regulations that made it impossible for the original RS to be sold in America. The 1993 Carrera RS was built to satisfy European regulation while a limited were built for the American regulations. The ones that made it to America were labeled 'RS America.'
The RS America was lightweight, contained little luxury features, and highly-modified performance options. The M030 sports suspension package, 17 inch wheels, larger diameter front stabilizer bar, and modified shock absorbers were just a few of the modifications to the 911. By using weight reduction, refinements in the steering, suspension, tires and wheels, the 911 RS America was a high performance racing car.
The RS in America was very successful. What was only intended to last for 1993, rolled into the 1994 model year. Vehicles that were sold during 1993 have 'PS' in their VIN numbers, while the 1994 versions have 'RS'. The 1994 models have rear seats while the 1993 versions have dual-storage bins.
The RS is distinguished from other 911's by a 'RS' decal located in front of each rear wheel well and an RS America rear deck lid emblem. A large spoiler, commonly referred to as a 'whaletale', was fixed to the rear of the vehicle. Various versions of the 911 had a spoiler that was motor-driven and deployed and stowed at various vehicle speeds.
993
In 1994 the next generation of the Porsche 911 was introduced and only available in coupe form. Internally it was dubbed the 993. Aesthetically and mechanically, the vehicle was different from its previous versions. The upright headlights were removed; it received a front wing, wider fenders, 16 inch wheels, and new bumpers. Under the hood, the 3.6 liter engine was modified to produce 260 horsepower. A six-speed manual gearbox was all new. The chassis size was increased giving 20% extra interior room. Major improvements were done to the interior giving it new seats, new steering wheel, and making the console, buttons and gauges more driver-friendly.
In 1995 a Targa was introduced. But the big news was in 1996 when a Turbo, Carrera 4S, RS, and RS Club Sport became available.
996
In 1998 the next generation of the Porsche 911, the 996 was introduced. A 296 horsepower, water-cooled engine was all new. The new engine was more powerful, fuel efficient, and offered better performance even though it was smaller in size. The length of the car was increased; a new suspension, headlights, and styling modifications have been adapted throughout the vehicle.
Shortly after the introduction of the next generation 911, a cabriolet version became available. Instead of the top being folded on-top of the bodywork, it now folded into it.
Conclusion
Since its introduction in 1963 to the present, the 911 has stood the test of time both on the race track and in owner's garages. It is one of the few designs that have had such a long history. It has been offered in over 50 different forms including rear wheel, 4wd, cabriolet, Targa, coupe, Speedsters, light weight, club sport, RS, anniversary editions, limited editions, and multiple other options, designs, and features. The 911 has set and raised the bar in terms of technology, performance, design, and handling.
By Daniel Vaughan | Aug 2006
For more information and related vehicles, click here901
The Porsche 901, the forerunner for the famous 911, was the first 'new' vehicle Porsche had ever produced.
Prior to the 901, there was the 356. This vehicle had lived a relatively long lifespan and was nearing its end, both in mechanical capabilities and in appeal. Many variations of the 356 had appeared during its production-run, most improvements where mechanical with very few visual improvements. Albeit, the 356 was a very beautiful car and improvements to its design were not necessary.
In the Mid-1950's, the Porsche company began producing prototypes for the successor of the 356. The result was a vehicle built on the same unitary structure used for the 356 but with a new front suspension, front disc brakes, and a six-cylinder engine.
The Porsche 901 was introduced to the public in 1963 at the Frankfurt Motorshow. The silhouette body was available only in fixed-head coupe form. In 1967 a Targa bodystyle became available featuring a removable center roof section. The 1991 cc flat-six engine was air-cooled. It's 2-litre capacity was the same as its predecessor. The six-cylinder engine was chosen over the four to allow more room for growth and improvement in the future. Two Solex carburetors aided in the 130 horsepower output and was capable of a 130 mph top speed.
912
The Porsche 912 was similar in design to the 911 and eased the transition from the 356 to the 911. In comparison with the 911, the 912 had fewer amenities, less power, and weighed about 250 pounds less. A 5-speed gearbox was matted to a detuned 356-based 4-cylinder engine that produced 64 horsepower. The engine was mounted in the rear and powered the rear transaxle. Disc brakes and independent suspension with torsion bars gave the car excellent and impressive handling. The Recaro seats kept the driver planted and the rack-and-pinion steering was very responsive. For an additional cost, the owner could have air-conditioning, rear window wiper, halogen fog lights, electric sunroof, and/or three-point seatbelts.
The 912 came in both the coupe and targa flavors with the coupe being the more popular. About 2562 of the 34,959 912's were targas.
The 912 was offered to the public in 1965 and stayed in production until 1969 when the mid-engined 914 was introduced. Due to its low cost, it easily outsold the more powerful 911's during the first few years. In
1967, the 912 was awarded Car and Driver's 'Readers Choice' for its class. During that same year a 912, driven by Sobieslaw Zasada of Poland, won the European Rally Championship.
At the end of the 914 production in late 1975, a version of the 912, dubbed the 912E, was introduced. Internally, the vehicle was labeled the Type 923. The 'E' stood for 'Einspritzung', in German meaning 'fuel injection'. It was powered by a 2-liter, 914-derived fuel-injected engine and had had Bosch L-jetronic fuel injection and an air pump. It used the 911 body, but has smaller wheels and tires and non-vented brake rotors. The fuel-efficient engine, rising fuel costs, and lower speed limits made the 912E a safe-buy. After 2099 examples were produced, the 924 entered the scene. The 912E was the last air-cooled four-cylinder vehicle produced by Porsche.
During its production run that include the 912 and 912E, nearly 35,000 examples were produced. It had achieved victory in the racing world, served as European police cars, and was featured in the movie 'Spy Games' staring Robert Redford and Brad Pitt.
911 Targa
In 1965 the Targa was introduced. This was an open version of the 911. The Name Targa came from a road race in Sicily named 'Targa Florio'. Targa also meant 'Shield' used to describe the rollbar. The rear window could fold down while the panel between windshield and rollbar could be lifted off creating an open version of the 911.
911 S
In 1966 the 911 S was introduced as a better equipped and more powerful version of the standard 911. It featured engine modifications that resulted in 30 extra horsepower. The chassis was modified and bigger brakes were installed. An extra 5 pounds was saved from each corner of the car by using Fuch alloy wheels.
To increase sales, the 911 T was added to the line-up in 1967. This version had a de-tuned six-cylinder engine and produced 110 horsepower. It appealed to many buyers due to its attractive price, selling at a reduced cost from the base 911. Also in 1967, the 911S received ventilated disc brakes on all four corners.
In 1968, the Porsche 911S was no longer being exported to the United States due to new emissions and government standards and regulations. Porsche introduced a 911 L as a replacement which was basically a 911 S without the engine modifications. In 1969, the 911 S was once again allowed into the United States.
In 1969 the 911 E, the base model, was available with 140 horsepower for the United States and 160 horsepower for the European market. The 911 T had 125 horsepower on tap from the six-cylinder engine while the 911 S was available in the United States with 170 horsepower. The European version featured even more horsepower, rated at 190. A five-speed manual gearbox was introduced.
In 1970 the engine bore was enlarged by 4mm and increased the engine capacity to 2165 cc. This made the six-cylinder engine more powerful. The 911T was rated at 125 horsepower, the 911 E was rated 155 horsepower while the 911S was now producing 180 horsepower.
During the 1970 model year, a performance version of the 911S was created by removing amenities and using light-weight material wherever possible. Aluminum was used on the bumper and engine-lid, the interior received light-weight seats, and the door handles were replaced with cords. The result was a 1840 pounds street legal race car.
In 1972 a spoiler was standard on the 911 S but was optional on the 911 E and 911 T. In 1973, due to popularity, the spoiler became standard on all 911 models. The stroke of the engine was increased giving the engine a 2.4 liter displacement.
Carrera RS
In 1973, Porsche wanted to compete in GT competition. In order to qualify, the manufacturer had to satisfy homologation rules for the Group 4 GT class that stated that 500 examples needed to be produced and sold to the public. Porsche knew that it would be difficult to sell 500 race cars so they built street legal race cars and kept the sticker price low. The RS was an immediate popular and at the end of the production run, 1636 examples were produced. Due to the successful sales, the RS was reclassified as a Group 3 series-production GT which required at least 1000 examples be produced.
The RS was stripped of nonessential amenities to save weight. A thin-gauge body steel and fiberglass was used for most of the vehicles but the supply ran short and at least 300 cars were outfitted with the normal-weight body parts. When compared with the stock 911S, the RS using the thin-gauge steel weighed 330 pounds less.
Wider aluminum wheels, Bilstein shocks, and modified sway bars gave the RS extra handling advantages. A rear spoiler was molded into the engine cover giving the RS the nickname 'ducktail'. This gave the vehicle extra down-force at speed and aided in stability. Other distinguishing features of the RS was its name painted, typically in green, black, red or blue, above the rocker panels. The engine was a modified version of the Porsche 911 2.4 engine. It featured a bigger bore that resulted in greater displacement and horsepower.
Carrera RSR 3.0
The RSR 3.0 had 20 extra horsepower than the 2.7 version. It had a large front spoiler, large rectangular air intake, 9 inch rear wheels, and 8 inch front wheels. Since the thing-gauge body steel supply had been depleted and larger items had been placed on the RSR vehicle, the vehicle weighed 180 kg more than the 2.7. All this meant that the RSR was not much quicker than the 2.7. However, it did have better road-handling due to the wider tires.
During its production lifespan only 109 examples were produced with 60 outfitted as road going machines.
911 Weissach
The 911 SC Weissach, produced only in 1980, was a limited edition design and only 400 units were constructed (Some sources states 406. In either case, a small amount were constructed and even fewer are known to exist today). All were sold to the United States. 200 were painted in Pongee Beige Metallic while the remaining 200 received a metallic charcoal gray color. The interior had red/burgundy carpet and beige leather seats. An RS wing was placed in the rear while the front received a new spoiler. All of the 911 SC Weissach's were coupes, had normally aspirated engines, and were fitted with the 903 body. They were sold at a price of $32,000, a high price at the time.
911
In 1973 the 911E, 911T, and 911S used a 2.4 liter six-cylinder engine. In 1974 the Carrera name was added to the line-up and represented the performance option. The 911S became the middle model with its performance and trim equivalent to the former 911E.
The Carrera was distinguished by its many exterior components colored in black. For example, the door handles, wipers, and window frames were black.
In 1974 the Porsche 911 Turbo was introduced and is credited as being the world's first production turbocharged sports car. Using a 3.0 liter engine and equipped with a turbocharger, it was capable of producing 290 horsepower.
In 1976, the Carrera was outfitted with the 3.0 liter engine and produced 200 horsepower.
In 1978, there were only two options available for the 911, the Turbo and the SC. The 911 SC used the 3.0 liter engine because it was more reliable and offered more opportunity for tuning in the future. the 3.0 liter engine was rated at 180 horsepower. The 2.7 liter engine was no longer used. When compared to the 1977 Carrera 3.0, the SC was more luxurious but had less horsepower. The luxury items added to the overall weight of the vehicle which decreased the performance. Still, the 911 SC was an extremely popular car. The 911 Turbo received a 3.3 liter engine and was able to produce 300 horsepower.
In 1979 the 911 SC's engine received modifications increasing the horsepower rating to 188 while improving fuel economy by 10 percent.
In 1980 the entire 911 model-line receive extra power except those slated for exportation to the United States. The 911 SC was now producing 204 horsepower.
At the 1981 Frankfurt Auto Show Porsche introduced a four-wheel drive cabriolet version of the 911. A year later, the cabriolet went on sale as optional equipment on the 911 SC. It was the first cabriolet for Porsche since the 356.
In 1984 the 911 SC 3.0 engine was replaced by the new Carrera with a 3.2 engine. The 911 Tubro and 911 Carrera were the only bodystyles available however could be ordered in coupe, cabriolet or Targa options. The Carrera was better than its 911 SC predecessor. It offered more luxury and power, and better brakes. The 3.2 Liter engine was used until the 1989 model year. It was replaced by a 3.6 liter version.
The 1988 the turbo became standard with a five-speed manual gearbox.
In 1989 Porsche introduced the Carrera 3.2 Speedster. The top could fold to the back and be placed beneath a fiberglass cover. The Speedster was void of most electrical options including power seats which made it lighter than the standard car. In total, there were 2065 Speedsters production, 1894 with the turbo-look. The Turbo look gave the vehicle an aggressive stance but it also added weight to the vehicle. It was, however, a very popular option.
911 Carrera CS
The limited-edition 911 Carrera CS, meaning Club Sport, was introduced in 1987. This version was meant for the race track. This light-weight version was void of amenities and equipped with only the essential items. The CS is distinguished from other 911's by its red wheels and bright graphics. Most were painted in 'Grand-Prix' white and all were coupes, except for one specially-built Targa. At the end of the Carrera CS production run, 340 examples were produced.
Carrera 2 and 4
In 1989 the 911 was given a 3.6 liter engine, new suspension, new transmission, self-adjusting spoiler, plastic aerodynamic bumpers, and new brakes. It was over 80% different when compared to the previous year. The big news for this year was the introduction of the Carrera 4, a four-wheel drive version of the 911.
The 1989 Porsche 911 received major improvements in the performance and handling department. At speeds greater than 50 mph, the rear spoiler would fold out and improving stability. The bigger brakes gave the 911 better stopping power while the suspension held the car in place as it would go through sharp turns.
In 1990 the Carrera 2 and Carrera 4 could be purchased in Cabriolet, Targa and Coupe body-styles. A Tiptronic transmission was introduced which is a gearbox that does not require a clutch. The Tiptronic allows the driver to shift manually or have the system automatically shift.
Carrera RS
In 1990 Porsche introduced the Carrera RS series. It featured a modified version of the Carrera engine now producing 260 horsepower. It had Recaro seats and light-weight material. The interior was void of non-essential items. An aluminum hood, light-weight doors and windows, and various other methods and materials were used to make the vehicle as light as possible. There was an RS touring option which included a few items to make the vehicle more road worthy. In total 2051 Carrera RS models were created with 76 being equipped with the touring option.
Carrera RS America
In 1993, Porsche created a light-weight, limited edition, performance version of the 911 Carrera. It was dubbed the RS America. The year 1993 was selected because it commemorated the 20th Anniversary of the 911 Carrera RS. 'RS' is German for 'Renn Sport' or 'Race Sport'.
The Carrera RS was conceived in 1973 but only available to the European market. The United States had strict safety, emission, and government regulations that made it impossible for the original RS to be sold in America. The 1993 Carrera RS was built to satisfy European regulation while a limited were built for the American regulations. The ones that made it to America were labeled 'RS America.'
The RS America was lightweight, contained little luxury features, and highly-modified performance options. The M030 sports suspension package, 17 inch wheels, larger diameter front stabilizer bar, and modified shock absorbers were just a few of the modifications to the 911. By using weight reduction, refinements in the steering, suspension, tires and wheels, the 911 RS America was a high performance racing car.
The RS in America was very successful. What was only intended to last for 1993, rolled into the 1994 model year. Vehicles that were sold during 1993 have 'PS' in their VIN numbers, while the 1994 versions have 'RS'. The 1994 models have rear seats while the 1993 versions have dual-storage bins.
The RS is distinguished from other 911's by a 'RS' decal located in front of each rear wheel well and an RS America rear deck lid emblem. A large spoiler, commonly referred to as a 'whaletale', was fixed to the rear of the vehicle. Various versions of the 911 had a spoiler that was motor-driven and deployed and stowed at various vehicle speeds.
993
In 1994 the next generation of the Porsche 911 was introduced and only available in coupe form. Internally it was dubbed the 993. Aesthetically and mechanically, the vehicle was different from its previous versions. The upright headlights were removed; it received a front wing, wider fenders, 16 inch wheels, and new bumpers. Under the hood, the 3.6 liter engine was modified to produce 260 horsepower. A six-speed manual gearbox was all new. The chassis size was increased giving 20% extra interior room. Major improvements were done to the interior giving it new seats, new steering wheel, and making the console, buttons and gauges more driver-friendly.
In 1995 a Targa was introduced. But the big news was in 1996 when a Turbo, Carrera 4S, RS, and RS Club Sport became available.
996
In 1998 the next generation of the Porsche 911, the 996 was introduced. A 296 horsepower, water-cooled engine was all new. The new engine was more powerful, fuel efficient, and offered better performance even though it was smaller in size. The length of the car was increased; a new suspension, headlights, and styling modifications have been adapted throughout the vehicle.
Shortly after the introduction of the next generation 911, a cabriolet version became available. Instead of the top being folded on-top of the bodywork, it now folded into it.
Conclusion
Since its introduction in 1963 to the present, the 911 has stood the test of time both on the race track and in owner's garages. It is one of the few designs that have had such a long history. It has been offered in over 50 different forms including rear wheel, 4wd, cabriolet, Targa, coupe, Speedsters, light weight, club sport, RS, anniversary editions, limited editions, and multiple other options, designs, and features. The 911 has set and raised the bar in terms of technology, performance, design, and handling.
By Daniel Vaughan | Aug 2006
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 2002
Porsche
models |
| Porsche 911 Carrera |
| Porsche 911 GT2 |
| Porsche 911 Targa |
| Porsche 996 GT3 |
| Porsche Boxster |
| Similar Automakers | |
| Aston Martin | Bentley |
| Bugatti | Devon |
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| Tesla | |
| Similarly Sized Vehicles from 2002 |
| Acura NSX |
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| Alfa Romeo 166 |
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| Audi RS6 |
| Audi RS6 Avant |
| Audi S6 |
| Bradley Iceni |
| Porsche: 2001-2010 |
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| Porsche History |
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| Manufacturer Website |
| Related Articles and Event Coverage |
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| 356 550/718 Sports Racing Cars 597 904 | 906 907 908 911 | 912 914 917 924 | 928 934/935 944 956 and 962 | 968 Boxster Carrera GT Cayenne | Cayman GT3 Panamera Type 959 |
| 2001 911 Turbo | 2001 911 GT2 | 2001 Sportec 911 Turbo Stage 4 | 2001 911 Carrera | 2001 996 | 2003 911 |
