1965 Porsche 911

Having reached the development limits of the 356 Series in the mid-1950s, particularly in regards to its air-cooled four-cylinder engine which effectively limited the company's racing aspirations to class, but not overall victories, Porsche began work on the eventual successor, internally code-named 'Technical Project 7' or simply 'T7.' Work began with basic conceptual sketches by Ferdinand A. 'Butzi' Porsche (Dr. Ferry Porsche's eldest son) and chief body engineer Erwin Komenda in 1959 predicting a larger, more powerful, and comfortable successor to the 356. Ferdinand Porsche developed the new body and chassis, his cousin Ferdinand Piech designed, tested, and developed the new air-cooled, 'flat-six' engine, derived from the marque's Type 804 Grand Prix racing programme. The flat-six 1991cc engine was allied to four- or five-speed manual transmissions. The goal was achieve the performance levels of the 356 Carrera 2, while matching the refinement of the 356 'Normal.' The design paid stylistic homage to its predecessor and rested on a slightly longer wheelbase. It had a steel monocoque bodyshell and weighed just 1,080kg. Porsche's new Weissach test facility was used in November of 1962 to put the car through its paces, thoroughly testing the car before it made its debut the following September at the Frankfurt Auto Show. Initially called the '901', the name was later changed after objections were raised by French automaker Peugeot, claiming that they held the rights to three-digit numerical car names with zeros in the middle. Production of the new 911 model began in September of 1964.

The 911 engine initially offered 130 horsepower at 6,100 rpm, making them capable of over 130 mph.

Early advertisement of the new car declared: 'Perhaps once in a generation the opportunity arises to create an entirely new car. To start with a clean sheet of paper. To apply insights gained in seventeen years of testing, racing, and refining what was already the most advanced car of its time. To design and build – almost without compromise – the ultimate car for getting from here to there in the quickest, safest, most enjoyable manner possible. Result: The new Porsche.'

Over the five decades that followed, the Porsche 911 has become successful on the road and track. In keeping with well-established Porsche tradition, the 911 was relentlessly developed and perfected, as with the prior 356, and quickly enjoyed leaps in ability and specification. Early competition use focused on rallying, including the 1965 edition of the Monte Carlo Rally, where a 911 was piloted by co-drivers Peter Falk and Herbert Linge to a fifth-place overall. 'Quick' Vic Elford co-drove with David Stone to victory at the Monte Carlo Rally in a 911 in 1968. Swedish rally drivers Björn Waldegård and Lars Helmer followed up with consecutive wins at the wheel of a 911 for 1969 and 1970, completing a stunning 911 'hat trick' at Monte Carlo. The Porsche 911 also took three consecutive European Rally Championships during 1966 (Günter 'Bobby' Klass G3), 1967 (Sobieslaw Zasada G1/Elford G3), and 1968 (Pauli Toivonen). By the early 1970s, Porsche had switched its focus from prototypes to production-based GT racing, where the 911 became a dominant car in various competitive arenas. Outright Monte Carlo wins were achieved in 1968, 1969, 1970, and 1978, and the 911 further distinguished itself on the 1973 Circuit of Ireland, 1974 Manx International, 1980 Tour de Corse, and 1984 / 1986 Paris-Dakar rallies. In the mid-1970s, normally aspirated 911 Carrera RSRs won major world championship sports car races such as Targa Florio, Daytona, Sebring, and Nürburgring, even against prototypes. The 911-derived 935 turbos also won the coveted 24 Hours of Le Mans in 1979.

Many of the lessons learned on the racing track were implemented into the road-going versions, helping to form the world's most successful sprotscar in terms of competition glories and cultural status, over eight generations. The similarities of the current 992-series and the first 901-series include the tail-mounted flat-six engines, all-round independent suspension, four-wheel disc brakes, and 2+2-seater cabins.

by Daniel Vaughan | Feb 2020