2009 Nissan X-Trail

All-new Nissan X-Trail is a perfect example of evolutionary change which will appeal to existing owners and new buyers alike. It might have a familiar look and a similarly broad range of abilities to its predecessor, but it features a new chassis and body, an expanded range of more powerful engines providing better performance and economy, more equipment, enhanced comfort and greater interior space than the first generation Nissan X-Trail.

It remains a hugely capable, compact SÚV with serious off-road credentials but has even greater levels of performance, ability and practicality that build on the strengths of its predecessor rather than aiming to be something completely different.

There are three grades to choose from - TREK, SPORT and AVENTÚRA - and four engine variations, with three of the power units being new to Nissan X-Trail.

Although Nissan X-Trail has been completely restyled - every body panel is new - customer research clearly showed that the robust, strong shape was popular and well appreciated. Indeed, it was a key factor in the decision making process for many buyers. It was clear that the 'X-Trailness' had to be retained, which is why there is a clear family resemblance between the original and the new version - a perfect example of evolutionary change.

New from the ground up, the latest Nissan X-Trail shares the same platform as the Nissan Qashqai. The platform features strut-type suspension at the front with a multi-link system at the rear, both ends being mounted on separate rubber insulated sub-frames providing enhanced refinement and isolation from vibrations which in turn gives a superior ride both on and off-road.

As a result, new X-Trail is slightly larger than before: its wheelbase has increased by 5mm to 2630mm, while overall length has risen by 175mm to 4630mm. Much of this extra length can be found in the luggage area, which has increased dramatically in size.

This has been achieved by rerouting the exhaust silencer from its original transverse position under the boot floor to a north/south location alongside the rear wheel well. This has allowed the creation of an innovative double deck trunk, with space for a sliding drawer under the floor where valuable items can be stored away from prying eyes.

The drawer has partition walls that can be placed in a number of different positions or removed altogether as required. The floor and the drawer can both be removed to increase load space even further: as a result the trunk area of the Nissan X-Trail is deeper and wider and, even with the false floor in place, virtually as tall. With it removed, trunk height is increased by 127mm over the original.

But that's not all. To ensure maximum practicality, the floor has been finished in a tough and easy-to-clean plastic surface. Raised ribs have been placed at unequal distances apart to help prevent loads shifting when the vehicle is on the move. Full carpeting was rejected as customer research showed that many owners either carried dogs or outdoor sports equipment in the rear of their X-Trail and preferred a wipe clean surface.

With the rear seat in place, the original vehicle had a luggage area VDA measurement of 410 litres up to the lower edge of the rear window: in the new Nissan X-Trail the equivalent figure is 603 litres, an increase of 193 litres (including double deck trunk capacity). Even with the double floor in place, it has more space than its predecessor.



The interior improvements continue with Nissan's practice of providing much higher levels of quality and premiumness than expected for the class of car. Soft feel materials feature on all touch points throughout the cockpit, while liberal use of chrome and silver-colour finishes, flocked surfaces and improved upholstery materials provide a real feeling of quality. And as with other recent Nissan models, X-Trail has been created with versatility and practicality uppermost.

Positioning the instrument cluster behind the multi-function steering wheel has allowed greater versatility in the centre console, which can now house a larger navigation/reversing camera screen closer to eye level as well as providing space for an in-dash multi disc CD changer.

For the first time, Nissan X-Trail offers two levels of turbo-diesel power. Both engines are versions of the highly regarded 2.0-litre M1D unit already fitted in QASHQAI which combines high outputs and good economy with class-leading refinement. The 150PS unit is available on all grades and returns a combined fuel consumption figure of 39.8mpg and 190g/km of CO2. Compare the fuel economy and CO2 with the out-going 2.2dCi 136PS engine (37.2mpg/ 203g/km CO2) and improvements made are 7.0% and 6.8% respectively.

With the help of an intercooler the second version produces 173PS and is available on the SPORT and AVENTÚRA. Fuel economy on the combined cycle is 38.2mpg with an output of 198g/km CO2.

Torque outputs are 320Nm and 360Nm respectively, 90 per cent of which is developed at a low 1750rpm. These engines are also fitted with particulate filters to minimise emissions.

The 173PS engine should also prove to be popular with the towing fraternity as it has a class leading maximum braked trailer weight of 2200kg.

A new lightweight all-alloy 16 valve 2.0-litre petrol engine producing 141PS and 196Nm of torque is fitted to the TREK. It was development led by Nissan and unusually for a petrol engine, much of the torque is produced low down the rev band - 90 per cent is available from 2400rpm. It returns a combined fuel consumption figure of 32.5mpg and has a CO2 figure of 208g/km.



All engines are fitted with six speed manual transmissions but if you would rather give your left foot a rest then there is now a choice of automatics on both the 150PS diesel and the 2.5 petrol engines. The latter has the latest fuel efficient, constantly variable transmission (CVT) with lower fuel consumption and CO2 than the equivalent manual - returning 30.4mpg and 223g/km CO2. The 150PS diesel has the option of a conventional 6 speed automatic.

TREK may be the cheapest model in the range, but it is not short on equipment with Bluetooth phone integration, 16' alloy wheels, full body coloured bumpers, climate controlled air conditioning, a full suite of airbags - driver, passenger, side and curtain, plus a CD / radio with 4 speakers.

The SPORT version encompasses all of TREK's equipment but the alloys change to a larger 17', the stereo system is upgraded to a 6 stack CD auto-changer with 6 speakers and remote control, the front grille gets a chrome look and front fog lamps are also added, along with a large panoramic sunroof, privacy glass, cruise control, reach adjust steering and a ski hatch. Include auto-on for the headlamps, wipers and speed activated central locking, then the package is complete.

Moving up to AVENTÚRA provides a choice of either Black or Sand coloured leather upholstery, heated and powered front seats, intelligent key and electric folding door mirrors with chrome exterior door handles.

Úpgrade models are available on SPORT and AVENTÚRA to further enhance the specification list. The SPORT eXpedition includes DVD satellite navigation, rear parking camera, intelligent key and chrome exterior door handles. The AVENTÚRA eXplorer adds xenon powered headlamps, DVD satellite navigation and rear parking camera.

eXtreme is the second upgrade on both SPORT and AVENTÚRA which adds deeper roof rails with integrated lamps.

All X-Trails are equipped with Nissan's ALL-MODE 4x4 system which operates in two-wheel drive only to minimise fuel consumption and transfers into four-wheel drive mode as and when the vehicle detects it is needed, or manually selected by the driver. SPORT and AVENTÚRA, however, get the very latest intelligent edition known as ALL-MODE 4x4-i incorporating Electronic Stability Program (ESP), Úphill Start Support (ÚSS) and Downhill Drive Support (DDS).

ÚSS is a fully automatic system that activates on any slope that exceeds a 10 per cent incline, holding the vehicle on the brakes until the driver starts to move away. The system also works if the vehicle is reversing up an incline.

DDS - operated via a switch on the centre console - operates when ALL-MODE is in lock mode. DDS uses the anti-lock brakes to maintain a descent speed of 5mph allowing the driver to concentrate on steering. Like ÚSS, DDS also works when the vehicle is in reverse.

As well as reinforcing the X-Trail's off-road capability, ALL MODE 4x4-i ensures that the dynamic performance on-road is stable, secure and predictable. By sending power to the wheels that have grip, understeer and oversteer is neutralised, which in turn leads to a more enjoyable, positive driving experience.

Source - Nissan

EVOLUTION OF THE SPECIES

The all-new Nissan X-TRAIL might have a familiar look and a similarly broad range of abilities, but with a new chassis, new engines, more equipment, enhanced comfort, greater interior space and added 'X-TRAILNESS', it does everything the original did… only better.

'Following a hugely successful car like the original X-TRAIL is not an easy task, especially when customers tell us to leave things as they are. But the all-new X-TRAIL is the perfect example of evolutionary change: improvements in key areas will appeal to existing owners and new buyers alike.'
Carlos Tavares, Executive Vice President, Corporate Strategy and Product Planning, Nissan Motor Limited

At a glance
- All-new chassis and body design
- Four engine choices, including:
- Two powerful new DPF-equipped diesels, with…
- …automatic diesel option for the first time
- Genuine off-road credentials, with:
- Intelligent four-wheel drive system
- Advanced hill start and descent controls
- Greater interior space with innovative double deck trunk
- Enhanced on-road performance and comfort
- Improved interior quality, fit and finish

Those best place to judge whether a car delivers all it promises are its customers. Having paid their money and lived with the car for weeks, months and years, they are uniquely placed to give the ultimate verdict.

So while the all-new X-TRAIL was at the planning stage, Nissan turned to owners of the first generation model to understand what they felt the original X-TRAIL did well and where it could be improved.

'Keep the essence'
'The message coming back was that we changed the X-TRAIL formula at our peril. The original was loved by its owners and many didn't want us to change a thing. It was a problem, certainly, but a nice one to have,' says Pierre Loing, Vice President, Product Planning, Nissan Europe.

'The first X-TRAIL was an exceptional success. It was the right vehicle at the right time, a hugely capable compact SÚV with serious off-road credentials that broke our sales targets every year,' says Pierre Loing.

A winning formula, then, and one that provided Nissan's designers and engineers with a formidable challenge when it came to providing the next generation X-TRAIL with even greater levels of performance, ability and practicality.

Building on success
'When those owners told us that they didn't want us to dramatically change the key
X-TRAIL qualities, of course we listened,' says Pierre Loing, 'but that didn't stop us improving on the original. The latest X-TRAIL is an all-new vehicle, but one which builds on the strengths of its predecessor rather than trying to be something completely different.

'We have taken a highly regarded vehicle and improved it in every area. Although it is all-new, it should be considered as an evolutionary rather than a revolutionary design. We have built on a success story and produced a car that is better in every respect.'

The 2007 X-TRAIL boasts a new chassis and new body, an expanded range of more powerful engines providing better performance and economy. There's more interior space, a much larger trunk area and greatly enhanced interior quality.

Comfortable and easy to drive
Yet it retains all the qualities of the original. Although slightly larger than the original, it remains a compact SÚV, one that's comfortable and easy to drive on-road. It continues to be a thoroughly practical and functional vehicle, and it is just as tough as the original.

It has better on-road manners thanks to the adoption of the Alliance C-Platform, giving a more refined and stable ride. However, it has even greater off-road ability… and that's not simply thanks to the adoption of Nissan's latest electronically controlled 'intelligent' ALL MODE-i 4x4 system, which now works in parallel with hill start and descent control systems – two new features on X-TRAIL.

As well as reinforcing the X-TRAIL's off-road capability, ALL MODE-i ensures that the dynamic performance on-road is stable, secure and predictable. By sending power to the wheels that have grip, understeer and oversteer is neutralised, which in turn leads to a more enjoyable, positive driving experience.

While the advanced traction system undoubtedly helps, the most compelling reason for its enhanced ability is down to Nissan's expanded 4x4 offering. While some rival SÚVs have been 'softened' to appeal to a largely road-bound buying public, the recent addition of Qashqai to Nissan's range caters perfectly for that audience. As a result, there has been no need to comprise X-TRAIL's acclaimed capability and design.

A genuine compact SÚV
'X-TRAIL is a genuine compact SÚV. It has a roomy and practical interior. And it has the double bonus of being a great drive on the road and off the beaten track,' says Pierre Loing. 'In fact, the new X-TRAIL does everything the original did, but does it with more style and in greater comfort. It performs even better both on- and off-road and it has more space and more equipment.'

'Even though they said they liked the original X-TRAIL the way it was, we are confident our customers and potential customers will recognise that the new X-TRAIL is still very much what it used to be, expect more capable, more convenient and of a higher quality.

'We have preserved everything that was good about the original X-TRAIL and made it more so,' says Brian Carolin, Senior Vice President, Sales and Marketing, Nissan Europe.

FAMILY RESEMBLENCE

Although every panel has been changed, the 2007 Nissan X-TRAIL bears a strong resemblance to the original. The reason is simple: that's the way the customers like it. With strong shoulders, deep side windows and a thoroughly practical shape, the new X-TRAIL delivers exactly what it promises.

'Customers are never wrong, so they say, and when they told us they liked the way the X-TRAIL looked, we listened. To change it dramatically would have been pointless. The changes are subtle but very effective and will appeal equally to customers who want to replace their existing X-TRAIL, as well as first-time X-TRAIL buyers.'
Pierre Loing, Vice President, Product Planning, Nissan Europe

At a glance
- Longer, taller and wider than before
- Robust stance with strong shoulders
- Good ground clearance and short overhangs for off-road use
- Practical squared body shape
- Deep rear door with low loading sill
- New range of colours

Although the new X-TRAIL has been re-styled – indeed, every body panel is new – it deliberately bears a strong resemblance to its predecessor.

'Customer research showed us that the way the original X-TRAIL looked was a strong ingredient in its overall success… and that we messed with the shape at its peril,' says Pierre Loing, Vice President, Product Planning, Nissan Europe.

No-nonsense styling
Customers liked the no-nonsense styling with broad shoulders that accentuated its robust stance; they liked the deep glasshouse that made for a bright and airy interior at the same time as enhancing visibility out of the cabin; and they liked the roof and window lines which helped create a practical, roomy and bright interior.

The result? The new X-TRAIL incorporates many of those key styling cues allowing it to capitalise on the strengths of the original… but it also has sufficient new features to move the model on for a new generation of buyers.

Bigger than before
New X-TRAIL is bigger all round than its predecessor. At 4630mm, it is longer by 175mm than before, while its wheelbase has increased by 5mm to 2630. It is also slightly taller – up 10mm to 1685mm – and at 1785mm is exactly 20mm wider than before.

Despite the increase in overall dimensions, however, it remains a off-road vehicle with a generous 200mm ground clearance and short overhangs front and rear.

Strength and solidity
A central design element common to the first generation and the new X-TRAIL is the roof-line. By not tapering away to the rear of the car, a square, almost box-like, trunk area for maximum load carrying ability is preserved. This is matched by the static side windows and the gently flared shoulders which run in parallel to the roof, creating an impression of strength and solidity.

The roof is ribbed for extra strength and incorporates roof rails. Optionally available are deep Hyper roof rails which have in-built driving lamps at the front. They add a practical touch mixed with a strong sense of drama.

At the front, the bonnet line stretches out almost horizontally from the base of the windscreen while the rear tailgate is near vertical, meaning the extremities of the car are easily visible from the driver's seat.

Únique styling features
Though the overall silhouette of the two cars is similar, the new X-TRAIL does have many unique aspects, notably the 'capital-D' shape of the rearmost side window which, in turn, gives the D-pillar a more dynamic appearance to strengthen the rear haunches of the car.

Although the tail-lights still frame the rear window, they have been completely restyled and no longer incorporate the reversing lamp, which moves down to the bumper assembly to join the high intensity rear fog lamp.
The high mounted stop lamp has also been moved, this time to the top of the tailgate above the rear window. This allows privacy glass to be fitted at the rear – precluded in the past as the stop lamp was previously mounted behind the window itself and would not have been easily visible behind darkened glass.

Deep tailgate mean low sill
The tailgate is deeper than before to ensure the lowest possible loading sill, while the lower tailgate/underbody is covered in a robust plastic cladding for better body protection. This is finished in a dark graphite colour and links through to the front of the car via graphite trims which frame the wheel arches and the similarly coloured sill protector.

At the front, the headlights have been totally revised and, when Xenon lamps are specified, have a more technical look to them. Bumpers at both ends are more aggressively contoured to add graphic detail.

The grille is similar to the one found on the original model but now has a bigger honeycomb design behind the double strut motif found across Nissan's 4x4 range.

Chrome identity clues
The grille also acts as a visual model identifier: on entry level XE versions, the doubles struts are body coloured, while on SE and LE versions they are chromed. XE and SE versions have black door handles – though chrome handles are optional on SE - while those on the LE are chrome as standard. The handles themselves are more elegant, a single bar straddling an ovoid cut-out in the door in place of the raised panel used before.

XE models have 16-inch five spoke alloy wheels, while SE and LE models have
17-inch wheels with a six spoke design.

New colours
A new colour palette provides eight shades, three of which are new to X-TRAIL and a further three new to Nissan. Joining the existing solid red and metallic silver finishes are black and white pearlcoat finishes and metallic beige. New to Nissan are Sapphire Blue – a metallic mid-blue – dark Precision Grey and Mauve, a sophisticated dusty purple metallic.

'At a quick glance, the new X-TRAIL doesn't look so different to the original model, but quite apart from being bigger all round, there are many subtle changes that give the car its own identity,' says Brian Carolin, Senior Vice President, Sales and Marketing, Nissan Europe.

INNOVATION INSIDE

'X-TRAIL was conceived as a thoroughly practical vehicle and the original won many friends as a result. But the new X-TRAIL mixes genuine innovation with practicality to take that versatility to another level.'
Carlos Tavares, Executive Vice President, Corporate Planning, Product Planning, Market Intelligence, Brand Management, Design, Programme Management, LCV Business and Infiniti, Nissan Motor Limited.

At a glance
- Better quality interior
- Clearer controls and instrumentation
- Greater comfort for all
- Innovative double deck trunk floor
- Clever sliding drawer storage
- Class leading load space

Two clear targets were set when designing the interior of the new X-TRAIL: it needed to be even more versatile and the fixtures and fittings needed to be of an even higher quality. Both have been achieved.

New X-TRAIL has a much bigger and more versatile luggage area than before – and the original's was hardly small – complete with a clever sliding drawer under a false floor in the trunk. Soft feel plastics, liberal use of chrome and silver-colour finishes, flocked surfaces and improved upholstery materials give a real impression of quality.


There are many compact SÚVs that claim to be off-roaders… some even have four-wheel drive. But, with the addition of Nissan's latest generation 'intelligent' 4x4 system there can be little doubt that the new X-TRAIL is even more capable than before.

'Among the many aspects of the original X-TRAIL so loved by owners was its
all-terrain ability. For the new X-TRAIL we have resisted the temptation to soften its go-anywhere attitude, but instead have made it even more capable.'
Pierre Loing, Vice President, Product Planning, Nissan Europe.

At a glance
- All-new chassis
- Genuine SÚV credentials, with:
- Intelligent four-wheel drive system
- Advanced hill start and descent controls
- Enhanced on-road comfort and handling

At the heart of the new X-TRAIL lies a sophisticated electronically controlled 'intelligent' four-wheel drive system called ALL MODE 4x4-i. It is the latest version of the Nissan developed ALL MODE system that has been central to the success of iconic off-road vehicles such as Pathfinder as well as the original X-TRAIL.

The primary improvements that have led to the development of ALL MODE 4x4-i are the inclusion of sensors monitoring side, front and rear G forces, yaw rates and steering angles. They improve the X-TRAIL's stability and offer added dynamic reassurance in marginal conditions by sending the power to the wheel with most grip. That applies in normal road conditions to reduce under- and oversteer, as well as off-road.

The X-TRAIL's ALL MODE 4x4-i system works in tandem with the other advanced on-board systems, such as the eighth generation electronic stability program, (ESP), traction control (TCS), anti-lock brakes (ABS) and electronic brakeforce distribution (EBD).

In addition, ALL MODE 4x4-i works in parallel with two further electronic systems designed to give the driver greater control when driving down steep inclines (Downhill Drive Support or DDS) or when starting off uphill (Úphill Start Support ÚSS).

Easy to use
ALL MODE 4x4-i is exceptionally easy to operate. Controlled via a large two position, three mode rotary knob situated behind the gear lever on the centre console, the system allows the driver to choose between two- (front-) wheel drive or fully automatic four-wheel drive: thanks to the improvements in the technology, the 'AÚTO' setting is regarded as the default mode. The third 'LOCK' setting is for use off-road.

Once in AÚTO mode, ALL MODE 4x4-i constantly monitors all the sensors and uses yaw rate feedback to ensure ideal distribution of the engine torque between front and rear axles – as much as 50 per cent of the available can be sent to the back wheels if needed.

ALL MODE 4x4-i includes a predictive mode, which anticipates the risk of wheel spin based on throttle position and engine torque, and transfers torque to the rear before the front wheels start to lose grip. Four-wheel drive systems on most other compact SÚVs do not have the benefit of ALL MODE 4x4-i's predictive capability.

Fun to drive
On road, it translates into a car that is more fun to drive. It has more neutral handling as understeer is virtually eliminated regardless of vehicle speed while high speed stability and steering feedback are also enhanced. The system also works exceptionally well on low grip and split m surfaces when the constant monitoring of grip levels guarantees traction where it's needed.

Off-road capability is enhanced by the ability to lock the system to ensure torque is split equally between both axles for ultimate grip. Set by twisting the rotary knob beyond the AÚTO position (to which the switch reverts once set), LOCK operates at speeds of up to 40 km/h (25mph), above which it is automatically over-ridden. The setting is also over-ridden each time the engine is re-started, when the system automatically reverts to AÚTO mode.

There are times when driving off-road that wheelspin can be an advantage – for finding grip in mud and snow for example – and as a further refinement on the new
X-TRAIL, ESP can be deactivated to permit wheelspin.

How it works
When operating under normal conditions in AÚTO mode, engine torque is transferred to the transmission and the front transfer case. The transfer case, in turn, is in constant mesh with the propshaft, driving the shaft but not the rear wheels at this stage.

All the while, sensors linking the engine's ECÚ, wheel speed, steering angle, plus longitudinal and lateral G and yaw rates monitor and anticipate wheel slippage.

Just ahead of the rear final drive is an electronically-controlled coupling which enables drive to be fed through both front and rear axles. Its main clutch is connected to the propshaft, while a control clutch connects to the rear drive.

The control clutch features a cam system comprising two plates with asymmetric grooves on both faces, separated by a series of ball bearings. To activate rear-wheel drive, the control clutch is engaged by an electromagnet which causes one of the plates to be slowed down, allowing the bearings to move to one end of the grooves.

This forces the plates to separate which in turn applies pressure to the main clutch, and torque is transmitted between the two to supply drive to the rear wheels. The main clutch transmits torque relative to the current applied to the electromagnet and the resulting engagement pressure. A torque-limiter prevents excessive torque being sent to the rear wheels.

When LOCK is selected, the control unit supplies the maximum amount of current to the electromagnet. This causes the control clutch cam plates to apply maximum pressure to the main clutch to give a fixed 50/50 torque split at lower speeds.

Hill helpers
Two further features of the new ALL MODE 4x4-i are Downhill Drive Support and Úphill Start Support. DDS is engaged manually when the system is in LOCK mode and uses the anti-lock brakes to maintain a controlled descent speed of 7 km/h. With the system looking after the vehicle speed, the driver can concentrate on steering the safest path. DDS works not only if the X-TRAIL is driving downhill in 1st gear but also when reversing down a descent.

ÚSS, in contrast, operates automatically both on- and off-road. It comes into play when the X-TRAIL starts off from rest in any gear on an incline of 10 per cent or more, and prevents the vehicle from rolling backwards for the second or so it takes a driver to move his foot from the brake to the throttle. ÚSS also works when reversing up a hill.

New suspension layout
To match its new four-wheel system, X-TRAIL has a new chassis and suspension system. Based on the Alliance C-platform, which also underpins the recently launched Nissan QASHQAI, X-TRAIL has fully independent suspension for improved on-road comfort without compromising off-road ability.

Strut-type front suspension with combined coil-over-strut assemblies and a forward lower link is mounted on a sub-frame. The sub-frame has compliant rubber mounts to isolate road noise and vibration from the platform, improving both general refinement and ride comfort. A front anti-roll bar is attached directly to the strut assembly for more effective control of body roll under cornering.

At the rear, a fully independent multi-link system has been used for precise handling and high-speed stability. Attached to the vehicle via a rigid rear subframe to keep unwanted noise and vibrations to a minimum, the compact assembly features an aluminium rear upper link to reduce weight: the saving is in the region of 4kg. The design also ensures minimal intrusion into the trunk area.

Friction control dampers are fitted to the front and rear suspension set-ups. Within the damper, a tiny valve controls the flow of oil according to the speed of the piston movement. This means that ride comfort is improved, but handling responsiveness is not compromised as the dampers react to different piston movement characteristics within the damper to give optimum damping control.

Larger all round
Dimensionally, new X-TRAIL is marginally bigger all round than the original. Like QASHQAI it sits on a 2630mm wheelbase, some 5mm longer than before, while overall length has increased by 175mm to 4630mm. New X-TRAIL is also taller by 10mm and wider by 20mm at 1685mm and 1785mm respectively. Track dimensions have also increased slightly from 1530mm front and rear to 1530mm and 1535mm respectively.

The all-important off-road dimensions, however, show X-TRAIL remains very capable with a minimum ground clearance of 200mm, approach and departure angles of
29 deg and 23 deg respectively and a ramp angle of 20 deg. Wading depth is 350mm.

Depending on the version, X-TRAIL has 16 inch alloy wheels with 215/65R16 tyres or 17 inch alloys wearing 215/60R17 tyres.

Electric power steering
Handling and manoeuvrability are aided by the adoption of electric power steering (EPS). This state-of-the-art system offers greater assistance at lower speeds with more steering feel provided as speeds rise. Tuned for European tastes, the system checks speed inputs every 40 milliseconds and is speed sensitive to 0.01 km/h. It provides a strong self-centering action at lower engine speeds for easier town driving and greater feel at higher speeds.

Its brushless DC motor results in lower friction losses which, in turn, means reduced wear and lower service costs while the lack of a hydraulic pump means there are fuel consumptions benefits, too.

Discs brakes all round with standard anti-lock (ABS) are boosted by Brake Assist and Electronic Brake Force Distribution (EBD). Brake Assist maintains maximum deceleration during an emergency stop while EBD constantly alters the front rear balance to achieve optimum brake performance, automatically compensating for differing load conditions.

THE POWER TO PLEASE


Engine choice is a key feature of the new X-TRAIL with no fewer than four power units – two diesel and two petrol – available. All are state of the art units offering the ideal blend of performance and efficiency.

'With diesel taking the majority share of sales in this sector of the market, we have boosted diesel choice for new X-TRAIL. We now have two diesel offerings, one of which can be specified with automatic transmission for the first time. But we haven't forgotten petrol fans, and have a strengthened petrol line-up, too.'
Brian Carolin, Senior Vice President, Sales and Marketing, Nissan Europe.

At a glance
- Wider engine choice with two petrol and two diesel offerings
- Three new units, one extensively revised
- Both diesels with DPF as standard
- Automatic diesel option for the first time
- Six speed manual transmissions standard
- CVT on petrol engines

New X-TRAIL has a wider range of engine options than its predecessor: the original had three offerings – two petrol and just one diesel – while the newcomer has two of each. Not only that, but three of the engines are new while the fourth has been revised and improved for the latest X-TRAIL.

Choice has also been increased when it comes to transmissions, with an automatic diesel option on X-TRAIL for the first time. It's an option not often available on compact SÚVs and gives Nissan a further edge in a highly competitive market.

Diesel popularity growing
Sales across Europe suggest that not only is diesel is the favoured source of power in this sector of the market, but that its popularity is still growing. In 1999, diesel accounted for around 28 per cent of compact SÚV sales but within five years that position had doubled.

And by the end of 2006 diesels accounted for more than 60 per cent of the market, though X-TRAIL's diesel/petrol split was more in the region of 80/20 per cent. It is for this reason that Nissan has ensured the new X-TRAIL has the strongest possible diesel story.

Known internally as M1D, the basis for both diesel X-TRAIL models is a common rail direct injection turbocharged 2.0-litre, 16-valve four-cylinder unit. The engine, which displaces 1995cc, has been jointly developed with Alliance partner Renault. For X-TRAIL it is available in two levels of tune, the entry-level version developing 110kW (150PS) at 4000rpm, which increases to 127kW (173PS) at 3750rpm in high-output form.

Prodigious levels of torque
The engine also develops prodigious levels of engine torque – 320Nm and 360Nm respectively. These peak outputs are produced at a low 2000rpm with 90 per cent available from as little as 1750rpm.

This brand new engine is fitted with a Bosch piezoelectric-controlled injection system, technology which gives fast and very precise fuel flow control allowing a 'five squirt' injection cycle with two pre-squirts, one main squirt and two post-squirts.

The pre-squirts improve engine acoustics by minimising the characteristic diesel clatter. The post-squirts sustain the main injection combustion, to burn off soot and reduce pollutant emissions before the exhaust gases have even left the combustion chamber.

Intake and exhaust ducts sit face-to-face across the cylinder head, with each camshaft operating intake and exhaust valves. This configuration improves cylinder filling and exhaust gas evacuation. The difference in angle between intake and exhaust ducts produces a dual swirl effect, for improved air-fuel mixing.

Euro 4 compliant
Exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) produces a controlled temperature rise in the combustion chamber to reduce pollutant emission levels (NOx) and thus enhance the engine's overall environment performance, ensuring it complies with Euro 4 legislation. The 110kW version produces just 190g/km of a CO2 while despite the extra power, the intercooled version returns a figure under 200g/km.

Both versions of the 2.0 dCi engine come as standard with a self-regenerating diesel particulate filter. When the filter becomes full, the engine runs a regeneration cycle, performing a second post-injection phase to deliberately overheat the exhaust gas, oxidising the soot in the filter and thus freeing up the device's capacity.

Acoustics and general refinement were two priorities when engineering the new engine. The bottom end of the engine has an aluminium bedplate and is designed for higher efficiency and improved absorption of vibrations. Twin counter-rotating balancer shafts cancel crankshaft vibration, making a major contribution to refinement.

Top speeds are 188km/h and 200k/mh (116mph and 123mph), with 0-100km/h acceleration taking 11.2 secs and 10 secs respectively. The engine returns combined fuel consumption figures of 7.1 l/100km (39.8mpg) for the 110kW and 7.4 l/100km for the 127kW version. Maintenance requirements for this engine are low, with service intervals of 20,000km.

Automatic option
A six-speed manual transmission is standard on both versions, though the 110kW model is optionally available with a new six-speed automatic. It's the first time a diesel X-TRAIL has been available in automatic form and gives the model a further edge over rivals.

The demand for compact SÚVs equipped with an automatic gearbox is growing, a consequence of the move of customers from traditional D-segment where automatics are more commonly found.

Petrol power
The entry-level 2.0-litre petrol unit is a new compact and lightweight engine developed by Nissan. Originally seen in the Japanese market Lafesta model, it made its recent European debut in QASHQAI. An all-aluminium 16 valve twin cam design, it displaces 1997cc and develops 104kW (141PS) at 6000rpm and 196Nm of torque at 4400rpm. Some 90 per cent of that torque is available from 2000rpm providing the accelerative 'punch' more usually expected in larger engines.

Among its key design features is a reduction in internal friction. Mirror-like finishing is applied to the surfaces of both the crankshaft pin and cam lobe journals while a new machining method is used to ensure truly circular bores. This procedure is common practice in the machining of racing engines but is seldom used in volume production engines.

The 2.0-litre petrol engine is available with either two- or four-wheel drive. Top speed is 184km/h (110mph) with 0-100km/h taking 11.1 seconds. Its combined fuel consumption figure is 8.7 l/100km (32.5mpg).

Old favourite
The final engine is a familiar Nissan power plant that also served in the original X-TRAIL, but which has been further improved for its new application. A member of Nissan's QR range of engines, the four-cylinder unit displaces 2488cc and now develops 124kW (169PS) at 6000 rpm and 233Nm of torque at 4400rpm, increases of 3kW and 3Nm respectively.

With twin overhead camshafts, 16 valves and CVTC (Continuous Valve Timing Control) its best-in-class low- to mid-range torque figures means the engine has proven extremely popular for towing.

The engine has been designed not just for strong performance but also for excellent refinement with potential vibrations minimised by the adoption of twin chain-driven counter-rotating balancer shafts.

Low friction materials are used wherever possible. The aluminium block has a ladder-frame construction, which improves strength while also reducing weight and resonance. Further weight reduction is achieved by the adoption of a resin intake manifold.

Improved performance
The improvements in power and torque have raised top speed to 194km/h (120mph) while 0-100km/h has been reduced to 9.8secs. Its combined fuel consumption figure is 9.6 l/100km (29.4mpg). These refinements have also resulted in extended service intervals with services now required every 30,000 kilometres.

Both petrol-engined versions of X-TRAIL come with a six-speed manual transmission as standard, but are also available with a refined continuously variable automatic transmission (CVT) with manual over-ride.

6-speed manual
Both petrol and diesel engines share the same six-speed manual gearbox, a change from the previous X-TRAIL where the 2.0-litre petrol was only available with a 5-speed gearbox.

The gearbox has a wider range of ratios and reduced friction, which is good for fuel efficiency. Improvements have also been made for diagonal shifts, from 2nd to 3rd gear for example, and from 4th to 5th, thanks to the adoption of a shift guiding plate. The gearbox is 30% quieter than its application on the previous X-TRAIL following improvements to a new design of gear shape and surface finishing.

Automatic gearbox
The six-speed automatic gearbox can be paired for the first time with the diesel engine on the X-TRAIL. Acceleration is responsive thanks to a short first gear, but not at the expense of fuel efficiency which is maintained by a long sixth gear. Gear changes are smooth thanks to the adaptive characteristics of the gearbox which are based on driving style, road-type and the driver's inputs. Refinement is maximised thanks to a damper on the hydraulic converter.

CVT advantages on petrol engine
CVT is a computer-controlled 'stepless' transmission providing a virtually limitless number of ratios, ensuring the engine is always working as efficiently as possible. The result is smoother acceleration, better fuel economy and lower emissions. Indeed, combined fuel consumption figures for the CVT-equipped 2.0-litre petrol is 8.5l/100km, 0.2 litres better than the manual, while the 2.5-litre petrol uses 0.3 litres less with the CVT than the manual version.

For a more sporty drive, the CVT system on the 2.5-litre petrol engine is described as an M-CVT as it has a manual override. Operated via the central gear stick, six set ratios can be accessed manually by nudging the lever forward or back, motorcycle style.

All performance, consumption and emissions figures are subject to homologation.
INTELLIGENT FEATÚRES

'Modern motoring conditions can be stressful for a driver. As a manufacturer we believe it is our duty to take as much as of that stress away as possible. This is why X-TRAIL bristles with intelligent features that perform everyday tasks automatically leaving the driver free to concentrate on the job in hand.'
Pierre Loing, Vice President, Product Planning, Nissan Europe

At a glance
- Bluetooth mobile phone connectivity on every model
- Auto air conditioning with rear vents on every model
- Intelligent Key
- Automatic lights and wipers
- One-touch operation panoramic sunroof
- Satellite navigation with intelligent reversing camera option

Tragic accidents caused by drivers distracted by their mobile phone have led many European countries to impose legislation restricting in car phone use to hands free units only. Yet few manufacturers offer suitable equipment to provide seamless transition from hand-held to hands-free operation.

Nissan is different. Every model in the new X-TRAIL range has Bluetooth® mobile phone connectivity fully integrated into the car's audio system as standard.

Although the 4x4 has become a target for environmental campaigners right across Europe, rising demand for SÚVs suggests that consumers have a better understanding of which vehicles are the real offenders.

'X-TRAIL is powered by a range of highly efficient engines that produce lower than average emissions, while the extra grip provided by its advanced platform makes it one of the safest vehicles on the roads.'
Brian Carolin, Senior Vice President, Sales and Marketing, Nissan Europe

At a glance
- Rising market with regular new arrivals
- Compact SÚV sales set to grow by 55-percent by 2011
- Strong demand for diesels

When it was launched in Europe six years ago, Nissan expected the X-TRAIL to sell around 23,000 examples each year: solid but unspectacular. As it has turned out, the company wildly underestimated just how popular X-TRAIL was going to be.

In its best year, no fewer than 64,000 examples were sold across Europe, while average annual sales have been around 54,000 units. In total, 275,000 X-TRAILs have been sold in Europe (double the original target) while globally the total sales figure has reached over 800,000.

All-round performance
X-TRAIL has sold in large numbers to European customers who appreciate its mix of practicality, ability and all-round performance.

And there is no reason to suggest that position will be any different for the new X TRAIL. Indeed, such is the significance of the European market to the car that despite being designed and built in Japan, the new X-TRAIL is being launched here before its 'home-market' - a first at Nissan.

Dramatic sales rise forecast
The compact SÚV sector of the market – where X-TRAIL is one of the leading contenders – will show an even more dramatic rise, up 55 per cent by 2011 over its position in 2006.

During this period of growth the petrol/diesel mix is expected to move firmly in favour of diesel. Diesel already accounts for more than 60 per cent of compact SÚV sales across Europe, though the figures are higher in traditionally strong diesel markets. In France and Germany, for example, the figure is nearer 85 per cent while it is more than 80 per cent in Spain and Italy and not far short of 70 per cent in the ÚK.

Diesel popularity
In all cases, however, X-TRAIL's proportion of diesel to petrol sales is far higher, reaching 98 per cent in Italy, 97 per cent in Germany and France, 93 per cent in Spain and even 84 per cent in the ÚK where the switch to diesel has been a more recent phenomenon. With a strengthened diesel offering, new X-TRAIL is even better equipped to take full advantage of the market potential.

This projected growth in the market has been identified by the motor industry as a whole and, as a result, the compact SÚV segment is set for an unprecedented number of new model introductions over the next two or three years.

High customer loyalty
Another factor in favour of X-TRAIL is customer loyalty. 'The first X-TRAIL was the right vehicle at the right time, a hugely capable compact SÚV with serious off-road credentials that won a place in the hearts of its owners,' says Pierre Loing, Vice President, Product Planning, Nissan Europe.

'By improving the X-TRAIL on a number of levels but at the same time retaining its core appeal, we are confident that as well as attracting new buyers we can increase our customer loyalty,' he adds.

Source - Nissan