1994 Ferrari 348

The highly successful 328 GTB/GTS was replaced by the Ferrari 348, first shown in prototype form in 1987, and entering production in 1989. Like its predecessor, the 348 employed a mid-engine layout but differed by mounting its four-valves-per-cylinder, quad-cam V8 engine longitudinally, enabling it to be positioned lower in the chassis. Another change was the transversely mounted five-speed gearbox inspired by the company's contemporary Formula 1 technology, allowing the weight to be concentrated within the wheelbase, resulting in improvements to its road-holding characteristics. The transverse manual gearbox was similar to the Mondial T with which the 348 shared many components.

The engine was a naturally aspirated 3.4-liter version of the quad-cam, four valves per cylinder unit originally found in the 288 GTO. Just like the 328, the 348 designation was in reference to its engine - the first two digits being the displacement and the third being the number of cylinders. To prevent the engine from oil starvation at high speeds and extreme cornering, it was equipped with a dry-sump oil system. Due to this setup, the oil level can only be accurately checked on the dip-stick when the motor is running. The 348 used an adjustable ride height suspension and a removable rear subframe to speed up the removal of the engine for maintenance.

The styling was by Leonardo Fioravanti, his last project as chief stylist for Ferrari before moving to Fiat's Centro Stile as Director of Design in 1989. It incorporated styling cues from the Testarossa including the straked side air intakes and rectangular taillights.

The 348 initially wore 'tb' and 'ts' designations, for trasversale berlinetta and trasversale spyder respectively. It later reverted to Ferrari's traditional GTB/GTS nomenclature partway through production. A more powerful open roadster was introduced in 1993 - the 348 Spider. This was Ferrari's first two-seat convertible since the 'Daytona' Spyder of 1969. The 348 Spider was devoid of the GTS's prominent roll-over bar, Targa-type removable roof panel, and small side windows.

Late in 1993, the 348 received subtle revisions in the bodywork and a new engine management system that increased horsepower in the 3.4-liter V8 from 300 bhp to 320 bhp. Additionally, the suspension was revised and the rear axle widened, resulting in improved ride quality and handling.

Along with its road-going line, Ferrari also offered a coupe for their Challenge series. A kit was also available to be installed by the dealer to convert customer coupe cars to comply with the rules of the series. The kit included a roll cage, safety harness, and competition seats.

Production of the Spider continued through 1995 with 1,090 examples built. 2,894 examples of the 348 tb and 4,228 of the 348 ts were built.

by Dan Vaughan

Convertible
Chassis number: ZFFRG43A0R0097343

The Ferrari 348 was first seen in prototype form in 1987 and entered production in 1989, replacing the 328 GTB and GTS models. It had a mid-engine configuration, in similar fashion to its predecessor, but differed by mounting its four-valves-per-cylinder, quad-cam V8 engine longitudinally, enabling it to rest lower in the chassis. The engine displaced 3.4-liters and with the Bosch Motronic Fuel Injection system, produced 300 horsepower. The transversely mounted five-speed gearbox was in similar fashion to Ferrari's contemporary Formula 1 technology. This enabled the weight to be concentrated within the wheelbase.

The Ferrari 348 had similar styling to the Testarossa, with aerodynamic skirts, minimal overhands and grill slats that fed air to side-mounted radiators.

This particular example is finished in Rosso Corsa over beige leather. Currently it has less than 28,000 miles since new. It was sold new in California to a Mr. Richard Bixon of Los Gatos, in February of 1994. By September that following year, the Spider had moved to the East Coast, where it is believed to have remained ever since. Currently it has approximately 25,000 miles on the odometer.

by Dan Vaughan

The 348 was powered by Ferrari's 3405cc V8, introduced with the car in 1989. The 90° light-alloy V8 had 10.4:1 compression and 48 valves actuated by four overhead camshafts. It produced 300bhp at 7200rpm and 237lbs-ft at 4200rpm. The V8 was installed longitudinally in the 348, bolted along with the transmission and rear suspension into the removable tube-steel rear sub-frame, a significant innovation.

The new block had a revised basic geometry. It featured a five-main bearing crankshaft and nikasil-steel cylinder liners surmounted by heads with revised geometry and centrally mounted spark plugs for high efficiency, high volume, high-speed flow for spark and combustion efficiency. The valves were actuated through bucket tappets by dual overhead camshafts. A dry-sump lubrication system provided necessary lubrication under all conditions. A pair of side-mounted radiators cooled the engine.

Fuel was delivered from the center-mounted tank to the intake runners through fuel injectors by a high-pressure pump. Air was delivered from the high side scoops through articulated rubber and steel tubes to a filtered square airbox above the transmission and from there through twin throttle bodies to the intake manifolds situated above the engine. An advanced Bosch Motronic M2.5 fuel injection and ignition system controlled delivery and spark until 1993 when the M2.7 replaced it. Exhaust gasses flowed through a steel manifold and a tuned exhaust system with catalytic converters.

Power was transmitted from the flywheel to the rear wheels through the clutch, gears, final drive, and constant velocity joints. The new transmission was mounted across the rear of the engine in the style of pre-turbo Formula 1 racing Ferraris. The clutch sat at the rear of the drivetrain. The new configuration sited the entire drivetrain four inches lower in the chassis than had the previous model.

by Ferrari

Replacing one of the most popular models ever, the Ferrari 348 took over the 308 / 328 lineage that stretches back to 1975. With its high standard of build quality, along with exceptional performance, the Ferrari 348 was a popular choice. Built in Berlinetta, Targa and Spider body styles, the 348 was produced for more than five years between 1989 and 1995. A mid-engined, rear-wheel drive v8 powered, the Ferrari 348 was a 2-seat sports car. Several limited-edition versions were also made. A factory homologation special was produced, the GT Competizione and in the US-market only Serie Speciale.

The Ferrari 348's achieved some notable success in the competition against the Porsche's impressive 911 RSR's. More than 9000 348's were produced by the time production ended in 1995, in an array of various guises which made the 348 one of the most commercially successful models in all of Ferrari's history.

A huge monumental departure from its V8-engined predecessors, the chassis on the Ferrari 348 featured a pressed steel chassis with a tubular engine subframe rather than the earlier 308 and 328 models that utilized a tubular steel chassis. The steel chassis was the first Ferrari to universally comply with global crash testing regulations.

Following a tradition that had begun in 1967 with the Dino 20 GT, the engine was mid-mounted for all smaller capacity production Ferrari's to feature this competition-inspired layout. Though unlike the Dino's, 328's, and 308's, the Ferrari 348 ad its engine dry sumped Tipo F119D 3.4-liter V8 engine placed longitudinally, like the Ferrari's 288 GTO and the F40.

Due to the 90-degree V8, the displacement was increased to 3405cc because of a bore and stroke of 85 x 75mm respectively. Not on tap at 7200rpm, the output was increased with 300bhp with compression being set at 10.4:1 and Bosch Motronic M2.5 fuel injection controlling both cylinder banks. Mounted on the rear of the engine, a transverse gearbox eliminated any rear-end luggage room. This lack of space was compensated with extra space beneath the front lid.

Zero to sixty was achieved in only 5.5 seconds, with a top sped of 165 mph. Created by the famous Turinese styling house, the 348's body and interior were created through the partnership between Pininfarina and Ferrari. The five-year-old Testarossa was the influence behind the 348's body, along with the full-width rear grills that covered the taillights and the straked engine cooling ducts.

The body of the Ferrari 348 was extremely attractive with its all-steel body. Unfortunately the aluminum trunk and hood were the only downfalls. The Ferrari 348 was available in closed Berlinetta form like the 246, 308 and the 328, along with the Targa-topped spider specs. Resembling the previous family of Ferrari's at that period, the interior of the 348 was similar though with a brand new and understated design.

All Ferrari 348 models were produced with dual-computer, double-redundant Anti-Lock Braking systems. All 348's were shipped with on-board self-diagnosing Air Conditioning and heating systems. Aftermarket options included Traction Control and Launch control that were available through Gemballa, among others. The list of options included a set of leather fitted luggage that was designed by the well-known Italian firm Schedoni and metallic paint. Following its introduction at the Frankfurt Salon in September of 1989, the Ferrari 348 was ordered in great abundance throughout the globe.

While European variants of the Ferrari 348 needed to have lightbulbs placed into the dash to activate it, U.S. 348s had functioning on-board OBDI engine management systems.

During its production, several updates were made, and these included different shock absorbers and mounting points revised fuel injector systems and relocated batteries. Over 8,000 Ferrari 348's were produced during its production. After late 1993 both the TB and TS models were replaced.

The 348 was revised in this same year with additional power that now reached 312 bhp on the U.S. models and 320 bhp on European models while keeping the same 3.4-liter engine. Body-colored rather than black, the revised vehicles, the 348 GTB and GTS had a rear track that was now one inch wider due to the addition of spacers and suspension geometry that was updated to greatly enhance its super-car-level handling, body control, and ride. Phasing out the Mondial Cabriolet, the 348 Spider convertible model was also introduced this year.

by Jessican Donaldson