1904 Thomas Model 22

Erwin Ross (E.R.) Thomas was in the bicycle business, and during the 1890s, he was the managing director for H. A. Lozier & Co., who produced the Cleveland bicycle. He later left Lozier to take over the Buffalo Automobile and Auto-Bi Company, which was known for its production of bicycles and gasoline engine kits to provide propulsion. In 1900 E.R. changed the company name to Thomas Auto-Bi; in October of 1902, the E.R. Thomas Motor Company took over the Buffalo Automobile and Auto-Bi Company. The first Thomas automobiles were designated Models 17 and 18. Both models had a 78-inch wheelbase and a single-cylinder, 8-horsepower engine. The company produced approximately 250 examples in 1903 and 353 in 1904. The 1904 model was a three-cylinder car and was given the Flyer designation. The engine was mounted to a gearbox that had a separate casing with three forward speeds. They were given the Thomas Safety System, which was a ratchet mechanism on the back axle which held the car in place on hills should the engine stop.

The 1904 Thomas brochure proclaimed the model to have 'Beauty and Power.' It described the engine as 'In a word, the triple-cylinder motor gives us high speed, high efficiency, the greatest amount of power for a given size of cylinder, or for a minimum of weight, a maximum of speed and power.' Thomas's Chicago agent, C.A. Coey, christened the new car a 'Flyer' - a name that would remain with the Thomas for many years.

The following year, the Thomas automobiles would gain an extra cylinder, and the vehicles grew in size and elegance. They quickly earned a reputation for their speed and durability, with the 1907 sales catalogue boasting, 'You can't go by a Thomas Flyer, so go buy one!' The pinnacle and most memorable competition event associated with the Thomas was the 1908 Le Matin sponsored 'The Great Race.' The route went from New York (in the dead of winter) across the U.S. to San Francisco, then by ship to Alaska, and across the Bering Strait, either by ship or by ice to Siberia.

Just three days prior to the start of the race, E.R. Thomas selected a stock 1907 from the factory lot. 171 days later and having traveled 13,341 miles, the Thomas rolled into Paris as the overall winning, forever cementing its accomplishment in the history books.

by Dan Vaughan

Rear Entrance Tonneau
Engine number: 1083

E.R. Thomas Motor Co. made a huge leap forward with the introduction of the Model 22. One of its most distinctive features was that the lightweight tubed chassis of its predecessors succeeded with a more substantial frame. To that frame, Thomas mounted a three-cylinder engine, which had rarely been commonplace. It was mounted to what we now consider to be a 'proper' gearbox, a separate casing with three forward speeds.

Other innovative features included the Thomas Safety System, a ratchet mechanism on the rear axle to hold the car in place on hills should the engine stop, which was something that caused many accidents in those days. 'Beauty and Power' proclaimed the 1904 brochure for the model and summarized the use of the three-cylinder power plant thus 'In a word, the triple-cylinder motor gives us high speed, high efficiency, the greatest amount of power for a given size of cylinder, or for a minimum of weight, a maximum of speed and power.'

This Thomas Model 22 three-cylinder 'Flyer' Rear Entrance Tonneau is the sole example to survive. Its lineage is quite well documented and, combined with its unusual specification, has enabled the Veteran Car Club Dating Committee to confirm a date of manufacture as 1904, which will allow the car to enter the annual London to Brighton Veteran Car Run in the UK.

In 1928, an individual living in Antioch, Tennessee sold this car to a lawyer in Lincolnton, who later sold it to Ote Corriher, who treated the car to a restoration. The work was completed in time for the 1965 Glidden Tour. Later, the car was acquired by Harold Coker.

This Model 22 has a 4300cc, T-Head inline 3-cylinder engine fitted with a single carburetor and delivers 24 horsepower. There is a three-speed manual transmission with chain final drive, two-wheel brakes, and a semi-elliptic leaf springs suspension setup.