1919 Pierce-Arrow Model 31

Throughout the second decade of the 20th century, Pierce-Arrow built a reputation for quality automobiles that were fast and reliable. Three chassis models were offered, the 38, 48, and 66 - with numerous body options. With the introduction of the dual-valve 38 and 48 models, Pierce-Arrow discontinued the Model 66. The engine featured four-valve per cylinder with detachable heads, and a new dual-head Delco distributor ignition system replaced the magneto/coil box setup.

The Pierce-Arrow Series was produced in 1919 and 1920. It had a 134-inch wheelbase platform, whereas the Model 48 rested on a larger, 142-inch wheelbase. The Model 38 offered 38 horsepower and a variety of Pierce-Arrow-built bodies using proprietary technology from its Buffalo neighbor Aluminum Company of America to cast its body parts in very thin 1/8' thick flanged aluminum panels which were fitted together and fastened with rivets. This made the bodies lightweight, stiff, and dent resistant.

To ensure quality, Pierce-Arrow exhaustively tested its products before delivery. The engine was tested for over 15 hours and then torn down and inspected. Reassembled, it was then taken to a 'silent room' where it was tested for an additional two hours to check for noises, power output, and fuel consumption. The engine was then installed in its chassis and driven another 100 miles on a chassis dynamometer with further inspection being performed.

Power was courtesy of a 415 cubic-inch inline 6-cylinder engine with a single carburetor, dual ignition, and delivered approximately 75 horsepower at 2,200 RPM. It was backed by a four-speed transmission and two-wheel mechanical drum brakes provided the stopping power. The suspension was comprised of semi-elliptical leaf springs with Hartford shock absorbers and solid axles.

by Daniel Vaughan | Oct 2019