The Great Depression was detrimental to the automotive market, resulting in the demise of several prominent marques such as Stutz, Duesenberg, Pierce-Arrow, Peerless, and Marmon. Cadillac stayed afloat through its eight, twelve, and sixteen-cylinder model range and the deep pockets and resources of General Motors. Packard continued its perch as the nation's premier builder of fine motorcars, reinforced by its mighty Twelve cylinder line. Packard's experience with twelve-cylinder power dated back to 1916, with its Twin Six remaining in production through 1923. The large and heavy twelve-cylinder was replaced by the simpler and more advanced Single Eight that was introduced in 1924. The Single Eight set new standards for agility and smoothness, but it was the large twelve-cylinder unit that Packard returned to with the onset of the cylinder wars of the 1930s in Detroit. Cadillac introduced its V-16 in 1930 and its V-12 in 1931, while Auburn, Marmon, Pierce-Arrow, and even Franklin had their own 12-cylinder engines in 1932.
Packard revived the Twin Six name in 1932, although the twelve-cylinder unit was completely new. The V-12 design had a 67-degree cylinder-bank angle and displaced 455 cubic inches, 20 more than the previous Twin Six, and offered 75 percent more power. Packard simplified the name in 1933 to Packard Twelve, and two years later displacement grew to 473 cubic inches and output rose to 175 brake horsepower.
The whisper-quiet engine was complemented by the conservative coachwork featuring elegant appointments, a refined chassis, and finely tailored lines. The all-new and smooth styling introduced in 1935 incorporated the body, hood, fenders, and running boards into an attractive package. Along with increases in horsepower, mechanical improvements were made to the steering and suspension, better engine mounts, and the ease of operation dramatically improved passenger comfort.
The 1936 models were virtually identical to the previous year's model, but the 15th series of 1937 introduced a comprehensive series of mechanical improvements.
The 1937 Packard lineup consisted of models priced from $800 to $6,000, with six-, eight-, and twelve-cylinder power, and wheelbase sizes of 115- to 144.25 inches (a commercial chassis measured 165 inches). Among the most popular Packards were the affordable 'Six' with prices of $800 to $1,300. 30,050 were built in its inaugural year of production, and 50,100 units of the very popular eight-cylinder One Twenty model.
The Super Eight series (the 1500, 1501, and 1502) was equipped with a 320 cubic-inch straight-eight engine with 135 horsepower, a three-speed selective synchromesh transmission, and hydraulic brakes on all four wheels. Prices ranged from $2,330 to $5,000. The 1500 had a 127-inch wheelbase, the 1501 rested on a 134-inch platform, and the 1502 was the longest at 139 inches. Although popular, the production was far from the amounts of the lower-priced One Twenty and Six, with a total production of 5,793 units.
The most exclusive, expensive, and prestigious 1937 models were the Packard Twelve. The 473.3 cubic-inch V-12 used a Stromberg carburetor, had four main bearings, a standard 6.0:1 compression ratio, and delivered 175 horsepower at 3,200 RPM. They were backed by a three-speed selective synchromesh transmission with a single plate vacuum assist clutch and floor shift controls. The hydraulic brakes with vacuum booster located at all four corners provided the stopping power. The Series 1506 had a 132.25-inch wheelbase and body styles included a touring sedan priced at $3,870. The Series 1507 had a 139.25-inch wheelbase and body styles included a convertible, rumble seat coupe, five-passenger coupe, club sedan, formal sedan, touring sedan, and convertible victoria. An all-weather cabriolet by LeBaron was priced at nearly $6,000. The large 144-inch wheelbase of the Model 1508 was reserved for the convertible sedan, touring sedan, touring limousine, and all-weather town car by LeBaron. The LeBaron coachwork was the most expensive at $6,130 while the other prices ranged from $4,270 to $4,650.
Changes to the Packard Twelve were similar to the Super Eight, including the removal of the Bijur lubrication system and rear-hinged doors. The front suspension received a Safe-T-Flex independent front setup based on the design of the junior One-Twenty. Other improvements were made to the hydraulic brakes with centrifuse drums and disc-type steel wheels. The front and rear bumpers were new, and the radiator rested at a 30-degree slant.
1937 was the best year for the Packard Twelve sales, reaching 1,300 units.
by Dan Vaughan